国家植物种质资源系统 ( NPGS) 如何维护关键种质资源并作为创新基石？.pdf

1、Building Prosperity and Resiliency with Traits from the WildThe USDA National Plant Germplasm System(NPGS)Jack Okamuro,Neha Kothari,Peter Bretting,Gayle VolkUSDA National Plant Germplasm System(NPGS)22 genebanks 200+crops 600,000 plant accessions 200,000 samples distributed each year for researchWhy

2、 is NPGS Critical to Industry and Research?Backbone of Agricultural InnovationWild Relatives are a treasure troveDisease resistance,drought tolerance,insect resistanceProviding breeders with traits that help to help them develop new varieties for farmersThe most successful example of private-public

3、collaborationApprox 10,000 years190019801990Adapted from:Wallace et al.(2018)Ann Review of Genetics Ramstein et al(2018).Theor Applied GeneticsNPGS Underpins Modern Crop BreedingControlled GeneticsGenetic MarkersMolecular Design1234Enhanced germplasmCultivarsProductsTraits1.Germplasm Diversity2.Geno

4、me Sequences3.New Breeding Technologies2025-2000NPGS Sustains Modern Crop BreedingGERMPLASM DIVERSITY:SEEDS FROM THE WILDGenome SequencesNew Breeding Technologies16,737 Species 621,600 Total accessions 575,000 Seed accessions(93%)44,000 Clonally propagated(7%)476,000 Accessions availableUSDA NPGS Ge

5、rmplasm Distributions050000100000150000200000250000300000350000Number of AccesionsYearNPGS Germplasm Distributions 1999-2024NPGS Challenges010,000,00020,000,00030,000,00040,000,00050,000,00060,000,0001999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023

6、2024Dollars YEARNPGS BudgetNPGS actual budgetNPGS budget adjusted to 1999 dollarsLaborLand,rental agreements,inflation costs,especially facilitiesLoss of highly trained staff at growing specialized materialsNPGS Strategic PlanNPGS Success S