Profiling Urban AttractivenessJAPAN POWER CITIESTable of ContentsPreface02About Japan Power Cities 202103Target Cities05Evaluation System07138 Cities:Results and Analysis09Tokyo 23 Wards:Results and Analysis 22Featured Research25Definitions of Indicators29PrefaceJapan Power Cities,Steering Committee,ChairmanHiroo IchikawaAugust,2021The global COVID-19 pandemic has shown the severity of an infectious disease for the first time in 100 years and raised new questions about the lifestyles and urban activities established in the 20th century.In an era of increasing urbanization,it has given people an opportunity to think about how cities should be in the 21st century.Japan Power Cities-Profiling Urban Attractiveness(JPC)has been produced since 2018 with the aim of improving the overall strength of Japanese cities and generating vitality across the country.To improve the strength of a city,it is necessary to first identify its individuality and main characteristics its assets and attractions,and its areas of weakness.The results of such analysis can be used not only as a benchmark for policy planning in each city,but also as useful data for business and residential choices.In Japan,while the rapid development of the tertiary sector continues to increase growth in major cities,there remains concern about the decline in both population and industry in the smaller,regional cities.The challenges faced concern what form big cities should take and how best to achieve the revitalization of regional cities.To solve these challenges,objectively evaluating the special characteristics of both large and regional cities,so as to clarify their strengths and weaknesses,is indispensable.This year,29 new cities were added to the list by changing the criteria for selecting target cities to all cities with a population above 170,000.In addition,the definitions of some indicators have been changed to make them more relevant,and six new indicators have been added to better reflect the changes in the environment surrounding cities.The data used in JPC-2021 was collected from January to March 2021.We have tried to reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as much as possible.However,the quantitative data for JPC-2021 includes statistical data such as the 2015 Census and 2014 Economic census,which will not capture these impacts.For this reason,we conducted a separate questionnaire survey on what behavior and events occurred before and during the coronavirus pandemic to attempt to understand the actual impacts on employment and school attendance.The JPC will continue to assess the impact of COVD-19 on cities and what will happen after the pandemic.We hope the JPC will continue to help in the formulation of policies that vitalize cities and Japan as a whole.1JAPAN POWER CITIES 202102While the worlds population is predicted to continue growing in the years ahead,the population of Japan is expected to shrink rapidly as a result of a declining birth rate and an aging society.In facing such circumstances head on,cities across Japan,in order to maintain their dynamism,must harness their respective characteristics and push ahead with urban development,while maintaining the magnetism required to attract people and companies,as well as the growth potential that continually demonstrates their urban appeal and strengths.For this to be achieved,cities need to gain an objective understanding of their own strengths and then formulate and execute an urban strategy plan for the next generation.As part of Japan Power CitiesProfiling Urban Attractiveness,a study was carried out on the major cities of Japan to be able to conduct comparative and multi-faced analyses of city strengths based on quantitative and qualitative data and to shed light on city characteristics such as strengths and attractiveness.Research OrganizationBackground and ObjectiveSteering CommitteeCreating the assessment system,as well as performing evaluation&analysisExpert CommitteeProviding a technical point-of-view as well as advice to the Steering Committee【Committee Members】Institute for Urban Strategies,Mori Memorial Foundation【Members】【Chairman】Professor Emeritus,Meiji UniversityHiroo IchikawaProfessor,University ofTokyo,GraduateSchool ofEngineeringYasushi AsamiSpecially AppointedProfessor,NihonUniversity,Department of CivilEngineering,Takayuki KishiiProfessor,NihonUniversity,Collegeof EconomicsMasayuki NakagawaAcademic advisor and Professor,Japan LutheranCollegeKazuhiro IchikawaDirector and Professor,Tokyo Institute ofTechnology,School ofEnvironment and SocietyNorihiro NakaiProfessor,Toyo University,Department ofInformation Networkingfor Innovation and Design;Professor Emeritus,University of TokyoKeisuke HanakiProfessor,University of Tokyo,Graduate School ofInterfaculty Initiative in Information StudiesShunya YoshimiadviceAbout Japan Power Cities 2021JAPAN POWER CITIES 202103Creating FrameworkSetting functionsSTEP1STEP2STEP36 functions are established to evaluate cities from a multilateral perspective.Setting indicator groups26 indicator groups are established.Setting indicators86 indicators making up the indicator groups are established.Data CollectionData collectionSTEP4Both qualitative and quantitative data related to the 86 indicators are collected.IndexationScore calculationSTEP5Indicator data are indexed,and scores are calculated.Evaluation and AnalysisEvaluation and AnalysisSTEP6Evaluation MethodFunction-specific radar chart12In order to allow evaluations of a city from a multifaceted perspective,radar charts were created using the deviation value of the score and rank.Indicator group radar chartRadar charts are used to clearly indicate the indicator groups in which each city possesses strengths.Score Calculation Method138 Target Cities Function-specific scores/Total scoresTokyo 23-wards Function-specific scores/Total scoresScores from the 6 functions are added together to form the overall score.TotalThe averaged values from the indicator groups are totaled together and used to formulate the function-specific scores.After compiling data for the 86 indicators,an average value is calculated for each of the 26 indicator groups.Following the collection of data pertaining to the indicators,the maximum and minimum indexed scores of 100 and 0 are set.86 Indicators6 Functions26 Indicator GroupsAbout Japan Power Cities 2021Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCultural InteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#136 21.7（#109）#69 50.6（#92）#4 82.6（#7）#1 95.6（#1）#1 96.1（#1）#2 91.8（#2）Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility 0502575100Ease of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScaleAbout Japan Power Cities 2021JAPAN POWER CITIES 202104ShikokuKyushuChugokuIzumoHigashihiroshimaHiroshimaOkayamaKumamotoKitakyushuFukuokaShimonosekiFukuyamaKureKurashikiSaseboKurumeYamaguchiTottoriMiyazakiMatsueOitaSagaMatsuyamaTakamatsuKochiNagasakiKagoshimaToyotaOkazakiToyohashiToyokawaAnjoKasugaiIchinomiyaNagoyaHigashiosakaKobeAkashiKakogawaSakaiOsakaNishinomiyaIbarakiToyonakaAmagasakiKishiwadaIzumiYaoSuitaNeyagawaNaraHirakataTakatsukiUjiKyotoOtsuTakarazukaItamiTokai area(on larger scale)Kinki area(on larger scale)Kanto area(on larger scale)Location of prefectural offices(excluding ordinance-designated cities.)Cities with a population of 170,000 or more.KantoTohokuHokkaidoOkinawaKyushuShikokuChugokuTokyo 23 wardsChiyodaChuoMinatoShinjukuBunkyoTaitoSumidaKotoShinagawaMeguroOtaSetagayaShibuyaNakanoSuginamiToshimaKitaArakawaItabashiNerimaAdachiKatsushikaEdogawaOrdinance-designated cities.138 CitiesSendaiSapporoSaitamaChibaYokohamaKawasakiSagamiharaKitakyusyuFukuokaKumamotoOkayamaHiroshimaAomoriMoriokaAkitaYamagataFukushimaMitoUtsunomiyaMaebashiKofuNaganoNahaSagaNagasakiOitaMiyazakiKagoshimaTokushimaTakamatsuMatsuyamaKochiTottoriMatsueYamaguchiHirosakiHachinoheKoriyamaIwakiHakodateAsahikawaKushiroTomakomaiHitachiTsukubaTakasakiIsesakiOtaKawagoeKumagayaKawaguchiTokorozawaKasukabeAgeoSokaKoshigayaIchikawaFunabashiMatsudoSakuraKashiwaIchiharaNagareyamaYachiyoHachiojiTachikawaMitakaFuchuChofuMachidaKodairaHinoNishitokyoYokosukaHiratsukaKamakuraFujisawaOdawaraChigasakiAtsugiYamatoMatsumotoHokurikuNiigataToyamaKanazawaFukuiNagaokaJoetsuTakaokaTokaiShizuokaHamamatsuNagoyaGifuTsuNumazuFujiToyohashiOkazakiIchinomiyaKasugaiToyokawaToyotaAnjoYokkaichiSuzukaKurumeSaseboIzumoKurashikiKureFukuyamaHigashihiroshimaShimonosekiKinkiKyotoOsakaSakaiKobeOtsuNaraWakayamaUjiKishiwadaToyonakaSuitaTakatsukiHirakataIbarakiYaoNeyagawaIzumiHigashiosakaHimejiAmagasakiAkashiNishinomiyaItamiKakogawaTakarazukaTarget Cities138 Japanese cities and the 23 wards of Tokyo were included as target cities in this study.For the 138 cities,the selection criteria were set as follows and the cities were selected:1.Ordinance-designated cities.2.Location of prefectural offices(excluding ordinance-designated cities.)3.Cities with a population of 170,000 or more.JAPAN POWER CITIES 202105TohokuTokaiHokurikuKinkiHokkaidoKantoKushiroJoetsuHirosakiTomakomaiHitachiTakaokaSuzukaNumazuIsesakiHamamatsuShizuokaSapporoSendaiNiigataMatsumotoNagaokaIwakiKoriyamaAsahikawaHakodateHimejiTakasakiHachinoheFujiTsukubaOtaYokkaichiTsuToyamaAkitaMoriokaNaganoAomoriFukushimaFukuiKanazawaYamagataMaebashiMitoGifuUtsunomiyaKofuTokushimaWakayamaOrdinance-designated cities.Location of prefectural offices(excluding ordinance-designated cities.)Cities with a population of 170,000 or more.NahaOkinawaYokohamaYamatoSagamiharaKawasakiHachiojiAtsugiOdawaraMachidaFujisawaHiratsukaChigasakiYokosukaKamakuraFuchuHinoChofuMitakaTachikawaKodairaNishitokyoIchikawaFunabashiYachiyoMatsudoKashiwaNagareyamaSokaKawaguchiKoshigayaKasukabeSaitamaAgeoKawagoeKumagayaSakuraChibaIchiharaTokyo 23 WardsTokorozawaKanto area(on larger scale)161 CitiesTarget CitiesJAPAN POWER CITIES 202106Evaluation SystemFunctionIndicator GroupIndicator namesEconomic ScaleDiversity ofHuman ResourcesBusiness VitalityBusinessEnvironmentEmployment and Human ResourcesFinancial Affairs123456789101112131415161718192021Total Value AddedIntra-regional Gross ExpenditureDaytime-Nighttime Population RatioTotal EmploymentWage LevelHigher-Education Completion RateIntake/Outflow of Young EmployeesFemale Employment RatioForeign Employment RatioElderly Employment RateRatio of Newly Registered BusinessesLabor ProductivityTotal unemployment rateNumber of Certified Special ZonesRatio of Employees in Service Industry for Business EnterprisesTotal Supply of New Office Real EstateDensity of Flexible WorkplacesFinancial Capability IndexPublic Account Balance RatioReal Debt Expenditure RatioFuture Burden RatioEconomy&Business6 Indicator GroupsResearch&DevelopmentAcademic ResourcesResearch Achievement2223242526Ratio of Academic and Development Research Institution EmployeesNumber of Leading UniversitiesNumber of Papers SubmittedNumber of Leading Firms in Global NichesNumber of Patents Granted2 Indicator GroupsCulturalInteractionTangible ResourcesIntangible ResourcesVolume of InteractionVolume of CommunicationAttractiveness to Visitors27282930313233343536373839404142Number and Rating of Tourist AttractionsNumber of Designated Cultural AssetsActive Approach to Scenic Town PlanningNumber and Rating of EventsWorkers in Creative IndustriesOpportunities for Cultural,Historical,and Traditional InteractionNumber of Accomodation Facility Guest RoomsNumber of Luxury Guest RoomsEvent Hall Seating CapacityMultilingual Services at Tourist Information Desks and HospitalsWeekend Visitor Population Volume of People Visiting for Tourism or SightseeingNumber of International Conferences and Exhibitions HeldTourism Promotion ActivitiesNumber of Followers of Local Government SNS AccountsLevel of Attractiveness,Recognition,and Intention to VisitQ5 Indicator GroupsEach indicator was scored,with the averaged value of the scores generating the score for the indicator group.The totaled scores of the indicator groups then formulated the function-specific score,with a total score of 2,600 for all six function groups:(Economy&Business 600 pts,Research&Development 200 pts,Cultural Interaction 500 pts,Daily Life&Livability 700 pts,Environment 300 pts,and Accessibility 300 pts.)JAPAN POWER CITIES 202107FunctionIndicator GroupIndicator names:Indicators Q using questionnairesQAccessibility787980818283848586Convenience of Public TransportDensity of Train Stations and Bus StopsFrequency of Traffic CongestionTravel Time to AirportsEase of Access to ShinkansenNumber of InterchangesCity CompactnessCommuting TimeEase of Use of BicyclesInner-City TransportCity AccessibilityEase of Mobility3 Indicator GroupsEnvironment68697071727374757677Percentage of Waste RecycledCO2 Emissions per Daytime PopulationRate of Self-Sufficient Renewable EnergySatisfaction with Natural EnvironmentGreen Coverage Ratio in Urban AreasWaterfront AreasAnnual Sunshine HoursNumber of Comfortable Temperature/Humidity DaysAir QualityCleanliness of StreetsEnvironmental PerformanceNatural EnvironmentComfortability3 Indicator GroupsDaily Life&Livability43444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667Recognized Criminal OffensesTraffic Accident FatalitiesLevel of Safety During DisasterVacancy Rate Number of DoctorsNumber of Hospitals,Clinics and Hospital BedsLife Expectancy and Healthy Life Expectancy RateTotal Fertility RateAvailability of Daycare ServicesAssistance for Childrens Medical CostsVariety of Educational OpportunitiesEase of Integration for Foreign ResidentsNumber of Elderly Requiring Assistance or CareNumber of People Using Independent Living Assistance ServicesLevel of Online Municipal PromotionSatisfaction with Living EnvironmentVolume of New Housing SupplySize of ResidencesRatio of Barrier-free HomesDensity of Retails BusinessesDensity of RestaurantsDensity of Convenience StoresDisposable IncomePrice LevelCost of HousingQSecurity and SafetyChildcare and EducationLiving EnvironmentLiving FacilitiesLifestyle AffluenceHealth and Medical CareCivil Life and Welfare7 Indicator GroupsQEach indicator was scored,with the averaged value of the scores generating the score for the indicator group.The totaled scores of the indicator groups then formulated the function-specific score,with a total score of 2,600 for all six function groups:(Economy&Business 600 pts,Research&Development 200 pts,Cultural Interaction 500 pts,Daily Life&Livability 700 pts,Environment 300 pts,and Accessibility 300 pts.)QQQEvaluation SystemJAPAN POWER CITIES 202108Japan Power Cities 2021Results and AnalysisFor the top 16 cities based on total score,function-specific,as well as indicator group-specific radar charts were used to analyze their strengths and appeal(deviation values were calculated within the target 138 cities.)The predominant city in the Kansai region that has gained a reputation for its livabilityIn addition to scoring highly in Economy and Business and Cultural Interaction,Osaka City received high scores in Accessibility,Environment,and Daily Life and Livability,increasing its strength in these areas from last year.In Accessibility,the city received a high score in the new indicator of Ease of Use of Bicycles.In Environment,the citys high score for Low CO2 Emissions per Daytime Population led to a higher score in the Environmental Performance category.For Daily Life and Livability,the city received a higher rating in Civic Life and Welfare due to being ranked first out of 138 cities in the new indicator of Level of Online Municipal Promotion.The city is expected to improve the richness of its lifestyle in addition to its economic and cultural vitality.A world class cultural city with enhanced transportationKyoto,with its rich history,culture,food,and other attractions,not only received a high score for its overwhelming strength in Tangible Resources,but also for its Intangible Resources,Attractiveness to Visitors,and Volume of Interaction.Like last year,it ranked first among the 138 target cities in Cultural Interaction.The number of top universities in the Academic Resources category and the Number of Papers Submitted in the Research Achievement category also received high scores,placing the city second only to Nagoya in Research and Development.In addition to its world-class cultural resources and its concentration of Japans top-tier intellectual expertise,the city is also improving its transportation systems and Accessbility.Osaka13Kyoto24Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#136 21.7（#109）#69 50.6（#92）#4 82.6（#7）#1 95.6（#1）#1 96.1（#1）#2 91.8（#2）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation score50-point deviation line2021 Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#118 40.5（#98）#59 51.8（#31）#2 96.5（#1）#30 56.7（#7）#6 67.8（#22）#1 101.2（#1）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation score50-point deviation line2021 Indicator group-specific deviation score138 Target CitiesJAPAN POWER CITIES 202109The largest city in the Kyushu region combines economic vitality and livabilityWhile Business Environment in Economy and Business and City Accessibility in Accessibility remained strong,this year the score for Attractiveness to Visitors in Cultural Interaction,based on indicators such as the Number of Seats in Event Halls,increased.In addition,Security and Safety in Daily Life and Livability also received a high score,reflecting the improved score for Level of Safety During Disaster.Although Environment ranked lower than the other areas,all indicator groups,including Environmental Performance and Comfortability,improved their scores.Fukuoka City has been growing as a balanced city and can be expected to further increase its appeal in the future.A hub city with a diverse range of urban functionsYokohama has received a high score for Cultural Interaction.This year the city further increased its scores in Volume of Interaction,Volume of Communication and Attractiveness to Visitors.In particular,Active Approach to Scenic Town Planning and Number of Followers of Local Government SNS Accounts received the highest scores among the 138 target cities.Yokohama City,which aims to become a hub city for global knowledge exchange,increased its score in the Number of Research and Development Papers Submitted and the Number of Top Global Niche Companies and also received a high score in the new indicator of Number of Patents Granted in Research and Development.The policies promoted by Yokohama City are being reflected in these results.The citys Economy and Business and Accessibility are also highly rated,indicating that Yokohama is a vibrant city with a variety of urban functions.Fukuoka3Yokohama4Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#63 51.3（#91）#1 73.3（#6）#6 80.6（#5）#5 71.1（#2）#3 77.7（#3）#5 74.1（#5）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation score50-point deviation line2021 Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#107 43.6（#103）#45 54.4（#45）#5 81.4（#6）#6 69.1（#5）#4 69.8（#5）#3 85.9（#3）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation score50-point deviation line2021 Indicator group-specific deviation score写真提供：福岡市Japan Power Cities 2021Results and AnalysisJAPAN POWER CITIES 202110Nagoyas central metropolitan city boasts well-balanced and comprehensive strengthsNagoya has been highly rated for its Research and Development in the past,but this year the city further increased its score for the number of top universities in Academic Resources,leading it to overtake Kyoto for first place in Research and Development.In the area of Economy and Business,Nagoya increased its score in the Business Vitality indicator in terms of the Ratio of Newly Registered Businesses and in the Business Environment indicator in terms of the Ratio of Employees in Service Industry for Business Enterprises.Nagoyas score also increased in the areas of Cultural Interaction,Environmental Performance,and the Natural Environment in Environment,leading to a well-balanced increase in overall strength.As a result,the citys position as the central hub of the Nagoya metropolitan area was further enhanced.A city of cultural exchange with both a robust economy and a rich natural environmentKobe City,which is promoting policies aimed at culture and the arts,has shown its strength in Cultural Interaction.In particular it received an extremely high score in Volume of Interaction,which consists of indicators like the Number of International Conferences and Exhibitions Held and the Number of Visits for Leisure and Sightseeing Purposes.Compared to last year,the city improved in the Environment category,scoring higher for the Quality of its Waterfront and Clean Air,as well as in terms of Low CO2 Emissions Per Daytime Population.While the city scored highly in Economy and Business,having an outstandingly high score in Business Environment,it also scored relatively highly amongst the large cities in Environment,demonstrating that it is a city that combines thriving economic activity with a rich natural environment.A well-balanced city that further develops its environmental appealSendai City has adopted The Greenest City as its urban development philosophy and aims to become a livable city that attracts people from all over the world.It showed a high level of balance again this year,with no area falling below the average score.By category,the city ranked higher in Environment due to its high score in the Environmental Performance category for low CO2 Emissions Per Daytime Population.Research and Development,one of the citys strongest areas,decreased slightly but maintained its high ranking this year due to high scores in indicators such as the Number of Leading Universities,the Number of Papers Submitted,and the Number of Leading Firms in Global Niches.If the city can connect its intellectual accumulation to Economy and Business vitality,it will further enhance its strength as a city.Nagoya5Kobe6Sendai7Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#120 39.3（#107）#17 61.5（#20）#1 104.6（#2）#4 73.6（#3）#2 79.5（#2）#7 68.3（#8）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#46 53.2（#82）#32 57.2（#24）#9 66.0（#11）#12 61.2（#6）#13 64.3（#8）#4 78.3（#4）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#56 52.4（#69）#18 60.9（#2）#7 75.0（#4）#63 50.4（#54）#12 64.6（#11）#11 63.7（#12）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreJAPAN POWER CITIES 202111Besides its cultural and historical attractions,the castle town has developed a convenient transportation system.Kanazawa City,with its strength in Cultural Interaction,maintained a high ranking despite a slight drop in the scores for Intangible Resources,Tangible Resources and Volume of Interaction.The citys strength shone through in its Opportunities for Cultural,Historical,and Traditional Interaction,as well as in indicators such as Level of Attractiveness,Recognition,and Intention to Visit.In terms of Daily Life and Livability,the Security and Safety indicator continued to receive a high score.For Accessibility,the citys ranking improved significantly due to a high score for the Ease of Use of Bicycles,reflecting the results of city planning using bicycles based on the Kanazawa City Bicycle Utilization Promotion Plan.This shows that Kanazawa is growing into a city that combines the appeal of a tourist city with the ease of living and transportation.A livable city with a stable economy and rich natural environmentMatsumoto City,with its rich natural environment of the Northern Alps,its excellent medical system,and its efforts to extend healthy life expectancy,received high scores for Environment and Daily Life and Livability.The Environment excelled in terms of Comfortability,which includes the indicators Number of Comfortable Temperature/Humidity Days and Annual Sunshine Hours.In Daily Life and Livability,the city received particularly high scores for average Life Expectancy and Healthy Life Expectancy Rate and the Number of Doctors.This year,the city increased its score in Economy and Business,which can be attributed to its high rating in the new indicator of Rate of Unemployment,and its increased score in the new definition of the Ratio of Employees in Service Industry for Business Enterprise indicator.Matsumoto can be considered a highly livable city with a stable economy and a rich natural environment.Hokkaidos principal city offers cultural tourism,research and development,and economic advantagesSapporos strength lies in Cultural Interaction,with particularly high scores in Attractiveness to Visitors and Volume of Interaction.It also increased its score in the Volume of People Visiting for Tourism or Sightseeing in the Volume of Interaction category,once again confirming Sapporos attractiveness as a tourist destination.The city also received high scores for Research and Development,and in particular this year it increased its score in the Number of Leading Firms in Global Niches.As the economic center of Hokkaido,it received relatively high scores in Economy and Business,increasing its score in the redefined Ratio of Employees in Service Industry for Business Enterprise,and showing strength in the Business Environment.Sapporo is an attractive city that excels in culture and tourism,research and development,and economy.Kanazawa8Matsumoto9Sapporo10Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#68 51.0（#65）#14 62.7（#13）#17 56.7（#17）#26 57.6（#30）#29 56.8（#46）#8 67.9（#7）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation line#2 68.0（#1）#3 71.7（#4）#74 46.4（#67）#16 60.3（#27）#65 49.0（#76）#17 60.4（#15）Ease of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#80 49.8（#93）#86 47.1（#74）#10 65.6（#10）#27 57.5（#12）#39 54.0（#31）#6 72.8（#6）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreJapan Power Cities 2021Results and AnalysisJAPAN POWER CITIES 202112A peaceful city with a high level of urban balanceThe city of Hiroshima,which is promoting bicycle orientated urban development to create a vibrant and bustling city,received a high score in Accessibility for the Ease of Use of Bicycles indicator.For Research and Development,which is one of its strengths,Hiroshima City increased its score in the Number of Papers Submitted for Research Achievement and the Number of Leading Firms in Global Niches.In the area of Cultural Interaction,which is another strength,the ranking and score of Multilingual Support at Tourist Information Centers and Hospitals in the category of Attractiveness to Visitors increased,suggesting that there are high hopes for the citys capacity to receive foreign tourists after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.The scores were above the average in all other areas indicating the high level of balance in Hiroshima as a city of peace.A creative city with comfortable living and growth potentialHamamatsu City,whose future vision is of A Creative City with a Bright Future showed its strength in terms of Daily Life and Livability and Environment.In particular,the city scored highly in the Availability of Daycare Services in the area of Childcare and Education,as well as in the area of Comfortability in terms of Annual Sunshine Hours,indicating that the city is an attractive place to live and consistent with its future vision.In the area of Cultural Interaction,the score for Volume of Communication has increased,indicating the vitality of the city in communicating its appeal as a creative city to the outside world.The high quality of the living environment and the potential for further growth are the major strengths of Hamamatsu City as a creative city.A science city with research institutions and a livable urban environmentTsukuba City,home to the Tsukuba Science City retains a high level of Research and Development,and in particular ranks first out of the 138 cities in terms of the Ratio of Academic and Development Research Institution Employees in the Academic Resources category.In terms of Environment,another of the citys strengths,the city ranks highly in Air Quality in the Comfortability category,demonstrating the citys clean urban environment.Additionally,this years rankings for Cultural Interaction have risen,and the scores for Tourist Promotion Activities and the Number of Followers of Local Government SNS Accounts in the Volume of Communication category have increased.It is clear that in addition to its abundant research institutions and pleasant urban environment,the citys ability to advertise its attractions is increasing.Hiroshima11Hamamatsu12Tsukuba13Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#44 53.5（#96）#30 57.6（#34）#11 62.5（#9）#74 48.9（#64）#11 64.7（#26）#12 63.3（#10）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#6 66.7（#10）#13 63.8（#9）#25 53.8（#20）#17 59.5（#9）#123 40.3（#99）#20 58.4（#18）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#14 62.3（#15）#29 57.7（#25）#3 84.0（#3）#11 61.3（#19）#121 40.6（#47）#48 50.8（#54）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreJAPAN POWER CITIES 202113A city with a good balance of all attractionsWhile Shizuoka City does not have any prominent strengths,it is a well-balanced city with no areas of weakness.In the area of Cultural Interaction,Shizuoka City is highly rated in terms of Tangible Resources such as the Number and Rating of Tourist Attractions and the Number of Designated Cultural Assets due in part to the presence of the Miho Matsubara World Heritage Site and the Kunouzan Toshogu Shrine,a designated National Treasure.Daily Life and Livability received above-average ratings in six of the seven indicator groups.The city,which is working to enhance the preferability for bicycle use,also received a high score for Ease of Use of Bicycles in Accessibility.In all other areas,the scores were above the average,indicating that Shizuoka City,with its goal of becoming a World-Class City,is a city with comprehensive appeal.A city that has developed its natural environment as an asset alongside its strong economy and family friendly environmentIn the area of Economy and Business,which is the citys greatest strength,Toyota City received high scores for Business Vitality and Financial Affairs,and in particular three of the four indicators that make up Financial Affairs were the highest among the 138 cities.In the Environment,the city received the same high rating as last year in the Rate of Self-Sufficient Renewable Energy in Environmental Performance.In the area of Daily Life and Livability,although the city dropped in ranking from last year,its strength in Childcare and Education remains strong,and it maintains the highest score among all the cities covered in this report for Availability of Daycare Services.In addition to the two strengths of Business Vitality and Living Environment,it will be interesting to see how much the third strength of the Natural Environment increases in the future.A livable city where the attractiveness of cultural interaction is linked to the pleasantness of the natural environmentNagano City,which is highly rated for its Comfortability in Environment,has abundant outdoor activities such as camping,trekking,and cycling to enjoy nature.In addition,the city has cultural resources such as the main hall of Zenkoji Temple,a National Treasure,and so received high scores for Tangible Resources and Intangible Resources in Cultural Interaction.Nagano City aims to be an attractive city by bicycle and also received a high score for Ease of Use of Bicycles in Accessibility,indicating it is easy to travel short distances in the city.Finally,as the city with the highest average Life Expectancy and Healthy Life Expectancy Rate in Daily Life and Livability among the 138 cities,it is a place where citizens can live in good health.Shizuoka14Toyota15Nagano16Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#59 52.0（#51）#31 57.3（#22）#24 54.1（#26）#55 52.8（#36）#15 63.0（#20）#18 58.6（#21）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#17 61.6（#19）#4 67.4（#1）#63 47.4（#63）#3 74.8（#4）#79 46.8（#35）#91 45.4（#85）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreEconomy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#29 58.9（#26）#10 64.9（#15）#61 47.7（#54）#40 55.0（#34）#92 45.9（#80）#21 56.8（#19）Function-specific rank and deviationThe shape of the graph represents the deviation valueFunction-specific deviation score(）Rank from 202050-point deviation lineEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation score写真提供：豊田市Japan Power Cities 2021Results and AnalysisJAPAN POWER CITIES 202114Function-Specific Scores 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaAnjoToyotaNagoyaFukuokaYokohamaYokkaichiMitakaTachikawaFuchuTsukubaKobeOkazakiGifuKodairaMatsumotoHamamatsuKawasakiToyokawaOkayamaSaitamaChofuFukuyamaSuitaKashiwaKanazawaSapporoNagareyamaAtsugiKyotoHigashihiroshimaIchikawaToyohashiIbarakiKamakuraHachiojiOtsuNishinomiyaFujisawaNagano268.1214.8211.4207.9201.2195.7181.3178.3177.9175.5174.6174.2173.8173.7171.7171.7169.6169.5169.2166.7166.5166.0165.7165.2164.9164.4164.2162.3162.3162.0161.9161.8161.8161.0160.3160.1158.9158.1157.7157.4RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980ToyonakaOdawaraNishitokyoYachiyoFunabashiSuzukaIchinomiyaHinoMachidaKasugaiSagaHimejiTsuKawaguchiShizuokaMatsudoTakatsukiHirakataTakarazukaNumazuFujiSakuraSendaiUtsunomiyaKumagayaSagamiharaYamaguchiTakamatsuTokorozawaKurumeToyamaMiyazakiUjiHiroshimaFukushimaFukuiKagoshimaKurashikiTakasakiChigasaki156.6155.6155.3155.1154.9154.8154.7153.7153.0152.8152.8152.7151.5151.4151.3150.6149.4149.0147.1147.0146.0145.8144.7144.5144.4144.3144.1143.7143.7143.1142.7142.5141.4140.6140.1140.0140.0139.1139.0139.0RankCityScoreHakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Morioka,Akita,Yamagata,Koriyama,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Maebashi,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Chiba,Ichihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Yamato,Niigata,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Kofu,Sakai,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Akashi,Itami,Kakogawa,Nara,Wakayama,Tottori,Matsue,Izumo,Kure,Shimonoseki,Tokushima,Matsuyama,Kochi,Kitakyushu,Nagasaki,Sasebo,Kumamoto,Oita,NahaEconomy&BusinessResearch&Development(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940NagoyaKyotoTsukubaOsakaYokohamaFukuokaSendaiAtsugiKobeSapporoHiroshimaKawasakiHachiojiKitakyushuSuitaNiigataKanazawaUtsunomiyaSaitamaOkayamaChibaChofuMitakaShizuokaHamamatsuKumamotoAkitaHakodateKashiwaNishinomiyaKagoshimaHirakataNagasakiToyonakaOtsuTakamatsuUjiMoriokaGifuNagaoka108.894.572.670.168.066.556.745.340.940.134.730.227.526.125.325.024.622.522.522.321.821.120.520.119.518.418.017.317.217.115.915.315.014.914.614.214.013.413.313.3RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980MiyazakiHigashihiroshimaTakatsukiFujisawaTokushimaTsuSagamiharaSagaMatsuyamaKawagoeFukushimaFuchuIbarakiYokosukaToyohashiKurumeToyamaKodairaHitachiFukuiNaganoSakaiToyotaIchikawaKamakuraHinoMatsudoNaraMaebashiKurashikiKochiHiratsukaAmagasakiMatsumotoKofuYamagataMatsueTottoriFunabashiOta13.313.012.912.912.311.911.411.311.110.910.310.39.99.99.79.79.69.59.59.38.78.68.38.17.87.67.47.47.47.27.16.86.56.46.36.35.75.75.55.4RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Koriyama,Iwaki,Mito,Takasaki,Isesaki,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Sakura,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Tachikawa,Machida,Nishitokyo,Odawara,Chigasaki,Yamato,Joetsu,Takaoka,Numazu,Fuji,Okazaki,Ichinomiya,Kasugai,Toyokawa,Anjo,Yokkaichi,Suzuka,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Himeji,Akashi,Itami,Kakogawa,Takarazuka,Wakayama,Izumo,Kure,Fukuyama,Shimonoseki,Yamaguchi,Sasebo,Oita,Naha(Listed by city code)81138JAPAN POWER CITIES 202115Function-Specific Scores 138 Target CitiesCultural InteractionDaily Life&Livability12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940KyotoOsakaYokohamaKobeFukuokaSapporoNagoyaKanazawaNagasakiNahaSendaiHiroshimaKamakuraNaraHakodateKitakyushuMatsumotoShizuokaHimejiHamamatsuNaganoKumamotoTakamatsuKurashikiMatsuyamaIzumoKagoshimaOdawaraChibaToyamaKawagoeHirosakiMitoOkayamaSaitamaMoriokaNiigataKushiroMatsueSasebo334.2287.5257.9220.4199.6192.9170.7168.9153.0151.1147.8145.8142.9142.1133.9133.7131.5122.5121.8121.5113.7110.0109.1107.9107.4105.6103.798.297.696.095.594.493.392.991.691.490.990.989.789.2RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980OtsuKofuTachikawaGifuTottoriKochiAsahikawaTsukubaFukuiFuchuMiyazakiWakayamaShimonosekiUjiNumazuIwakiOitaFukushimaAomoriKawasakiUtsunomiyaTokushimaHachiojiYokosukaFujisawaYamagataNagaokaSakaiKurumeFujiKoriyamaTakarazukaNishinomiyaTakasakiAkitaChofuHachinoheAkashiKureTakaoka88.388.086.185.985.585.084.284.083.783.582.881.981.681.281.279.878.277.877.076.876.575.475.474.473.973.573.372.871.271.270.770.770.568.468.367.165.965.865.464.9RankCityScoreTomakomai,Hitachi,Maebashi,Isesaki,Ota,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Mitaka,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Sagamihara,Hiratsuka,Chigasaki,Atsugi,Yamato,Joetsu,Toyohashi,Okazaki,Ichinomiya,Kasugai,Toyokawa,Toyota,Anjo,Tsu,Yokkaichi,Suzuka,Kishiwada,Toyonaka,Suita,Takatsuki,Hirakata,Ibaraki,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,Fukuyama,Higashihiroshima,Yamaguchi,Saga(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940FukuokaIzumoMatsumotoToyotaKofuMaebashiKumamotoFukuiYamagataNaganoOkazakiToyohashiHamamatsuKanazawaKurumeKagoshimaNagoyaSendaiNagasakiNaraSagaSuitaAnjoFujiNishinomiyaGifuTakasakiToyonakaTsukubaHiroshimaShizuokaKobeNumazuFukushimaMitakaToyamaIchinomiyaToyokawaTakamatsuKitakyushu353.1350.6348.7337.3335.8335.7335.3333.1331.6330.9328.1327.8327.8325.1324.7321.9321.8320.2319.4319.4318.5317.7317.0316.8314.8314.8313.6312.1311.8311.4310.7310.6310.3309.0308.8308.8308.5307.9307.4307.0RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980OkayamaOitaSaseboTottoriYokohamaHigashihiroshimaMatsueNiigataIbarakiYokkaichiNagareyamaKurashikiMiyazakiSaitamaTakatsukiNagaokaTakarazukaTakaokaKyotoMatsuyamaFujisawaKamakuraKoriyamaJoetsuKasugaiKashiwaSuzukaAtsugiOsakaMoriokaMitoOtsuTokorozawaAkitaAkashiUtsunomiyaHirakataFukuyamaYamatoKawagoe306.6306.6304.2303.2303.2303.1303.0302.4301.7301.0300.6298.9298.7298.6298.0296.9296.7296.4296.3296.3296.0295.7295.7294.7294.6294.3294.2293.3293.1292.5292.2292.1291.9291.8291.6290.9290.8290.7290.3289.6RankCityScoreSapporo,Hakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Iwaki,Hitachi,Isesaki,Ota,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Chiba,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Ichihara,Yachiyo,Hachioji,Tachikawa,Fuchu,Chofu,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Kawasaki,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Odawara,Chigasaki,Tsu,Uji,Sakai,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Himeji,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,Wakayama,Kure,Shimonoseki,Yamaguchi,Tokushima,Kochi,Naha(Listed by city code)81138138 Target Cities-Function-Specific ScoresJAPAN POWER CITIES 202116 Function-Specific Scores12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940MiyazakiMatsumotoToyohashiYamaguchiTsuHamamatsuKamakuraMaebashiKureShimonosekiMatsueIzumoToyokawaTsukubaSaseboHigashihiroshimaToyotaTottoriToyamaKochiKumamotoIwakiMatsuyamaKagoshimaYokosukaTakarazukaOitaTakasakiNaganoOdawaraSagaNagasakiNishinomiyaMoriokaTakamatsuNaraNumazuAkitaIbarakiTokushima181.7180.5180.1178.7178.4178.1175.9175.9175.5175.4174.2173.2170.6169.6169.5168.7168.3167.6167.2167.1166.0165.8165.0164.6164.6163.9163.8163.5163.0162.4161.7160.7159.9158.2157.9157.0156.7156.5156.0155.9RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980OtsuHachiojiHitachiHiroshimaMitoKobeKitakyushuNiigataSuzukaSakuraIzumiHimejiOkazakiKurashikiOkayamaSendaiFujisawaGifuShizuokaTokorozawaTomakomaiOtaFukuokaTakatsukiKurumeFujiAnjoKanazawaSagamiharaIsesakiKofuUtsunomiyaFuchuAkashiChibaWakayamaChigasakiHiratsukaChofuSapporo155.4154.5154.0152.6152.1152.0151.7151.7151.4151.4151.2151.2151.1150.9150.8150.5150.3150.2149.8149.7149.1148.6148.5148.2148.1147.9147.8147.8147.5147.4146.9146.8146.8146.4146.1146.0145.9145.8145.8145.5RankCityScoreHakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Yamagata,Fukushima,Koriyama,Saitama,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Tachikawa,Mitaka,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Yokohama,Kawasaki,Atsugi,Yamato,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Fukui,Nagoya,Ichinomiya,Kasugai,Yokkaichi,Kyoto,Uji,Osaka,Sakai,Kishiwada,Toyonaka,Suita,Hirakata,Yao,Neyagawa,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,Fukuyama,NahaEnvironmentAccessibility(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaNagoyaFukuokaYokohamaItamiKyotoToyonakaChibaAmagasakiKawasakiHiroshimaSendaiKobeSuitaShizuokaKitakyushuNishinomiyaTakatsukiHakodateMitakaChofuSakaiKawaguchiIbarakiHigashiosakaSaitamaNeyagawaMoriokaKanazawaIchikawaNiigataAomoriYaoFuchuAkitaKagoshimaKushiroMatsuyamaSapporoTachikawa214.5181.7178.1162.4158.9158.6158.1156.8156.6155.7152.3152.2151.5149.0148.9145.7144.8143.1142.6141.9140.4140.1139.9139.5138.7138.0137.4137.4136.6136.1135.9135.8134.8134.7134.0132.5132.1131.8131.2131.1RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980FunabashiKishiwadaHinoIchinomiyaAkashiNaraIchiharaTomakomaiYokosukaNahaYamatoAsahikawaTakarazukaKasugaiSokaNishitokyoChigasakiHiratsukaKurumeFujisawaUjiHirakataYachiyoHimejiMatsumotoIzumiOkayamaGifuKumamotoToyamaYamaguchiTottoriKochiOtsuAtsugiTakamatsuKodairaSagaToyotaKoriyama130.8130.6130.2129.4128.6128.1128.0127.7127.5126.7126.4126.4126.3126.0125.1124.9124.0123.8123.6123.5123.0122.8122.5122.2121.3121.0121.0119.6119.5119.1119.0118.7118.4118.0118.0117.7117.3117.1116.9116.6RankCityScoreHirosaki,Hachinohe,Yamagata,Fukushima,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Tsukuba,Utsunomiya,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Koshigaya,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Nagareyama,Hachioji,Machida,Sagamihara,Kamakura,Odawara,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Fukui,Kofu,Nagano,Hamamatsu,Numazu,Fuji,Toyohashi,Okazaki,Toyokawa,Anjo,Tsu,Yokkaichi,Suzuka,Kakogawa,Wakayama,Matsue,Izumo,Kurashiki,Kure,Fukuyama,Higashihiroshima,Shimonoseki,Tokushima,Nagasaki,Sasebo,Oita,Miyazaki(Listed by city code)81138JAPAN POWER CITIES 202117138 Target CitiesTotal Score(Listed by city code)12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaKyotoFukuokaYokohamaNagoyaKobeSendaiKanazawaMatsumotoSapporoHiroshimaHamamatsuTsukubaShizuokaToyotaNaganoKumamotoKamakuraKitakyushuKagoshimaNaraNishinomiyaNagasakiOkayamaGifuMitakaTakamatsuMatsuyamaToyohashiChibaToyamaSuitaFuchuSaitamaMiyazakiAnjoIzumoOkazakiNiigataHimeji1,224.81,173.21,147.01,120.81,116.31,049.6972.0967.3960.1957.7937.4920.5917.2903.2899.5888.7886.6882.7882.7878.6870.9865.2863.7860.3857.6854.8850.1846.4844.1844.1843.2839.7838.1836.3835.5834.8834.2834.0833.1831.4RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980OtsuKawasakiNahaSagaTachikawaFukuiKurumeKurashikiKofuMoriokaFujisawaMatsueToyonakaAtsugiChofuTottoriHigashihiroshimaTakarazukaOitaNumazuHachiojiMaebashiToyokawaOdawaraIbarakiYamagataFujiYamaguchiTakatsukiYokkaichiTsuFukushimaHakodateTakasakiAkitaSaseboUtsunomiyaUjiIchinomiyaMito827.4824.7823.3823.1821.6820.6820.4817.2816.5816.3814.4813.5812.5810.6808.8808.7808.4807.3805.9804.9804.8804.0802.4802.0801.3799.1797.4796.8795.5795.4794.1791.1786.2785.4782.7781.1780.9777.8774.4773.8RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Koriyama,Iwaki,Hitachi,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Chigasaki,Yamato,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Kasugai,Suzuka,Sakai,Kishiwada,Hirakata,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Akashi,Itami,Kakogawa,Wakayama,Kure,Fukuyama,Shimonoseki,Tokushima,Kochi81138138 Target Cities-Function-Specific ScoresJAPAN POWER CITIES 202118Actor-Specific ScoresIn order to evaluate the function-specific characteristics of cities from the viewpoint of people,6 types of actors(Single,Family,Seniors,Tourist,Executive,Employee)were established for this report.To calculate the actor-specific score,first the individual urban needs are determined for each actor,after which the indicators associated with those needs are selected and values are averaged to produce a score.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940FukuokaOsakaToyonakaNagoyaHiroshimaKagoshimaMatsumotoMatsuyamaKobeNishinomiyaYokohamaSuitaShizuokaKumamotoKitakyushuSendaiMiyazakiNaraToyotaMitakaHigashihiroshimaKyotoIzumoKofuKanazawaSagaIbarakiChibaTakatsukiToyohashiKurumeOitaNaganoYamaguchiTakamatsuNagasakiTottoriOkazakiMoriokaOkayama55.750.749.949.348.747.947.547.246.946.646.346.046.045.845.845.645.345.044.744.644.544.544.344.344.044.044.043.943.843.743.743.643.643.543.543.443.343.243.143.1RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980NahaHamamatsuGifuKawasakiAkitaIchinomiyaAkashiTsukubaHakodateItamiToyokawaMatsueNiigataFukuiSakaiTakarazukaSaitamaFujisawaMaebashiKurashikiYamatoSaseboTakasakiKochiSapporoShimonosekiHirakataChofuFuchuTsuKasugaiHimejiKureWakayamaToyamaSuzukaKoriyamaYokkaichiYamagataTokorozawa43.043.043.042.942.742.742.742.342.342.142.142.042.041.941.941.841.841.741.741.541.441.341.241.141.040.940.540.440.340.340.240.240.140.039.839.839.639.639.539.5RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Fukushima,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Hachioji,Tachikawa,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Odawara,Chigasaki,Atsugi,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Numazu,Fuji,Anjo,Otsu,Uji,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Kakogawa,Fukuyama,TokushimaSingle Number of Indicators 23/86(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940FukuokaMatsumotoKagoshimaKumamotoIzumoSendaiKanazawaKobeOsakaNagoyaHiroshimaMatsuyamaToyotaMiyazakiYokohamaKurumeKitakyushuHamamatsuNishinomiyaShizuokaToyohashiMaebashiTottoriSagaToyamaGifuNagasakiTsukubaToyonakaNaganoNaraTakamatsuMoriokaMatsueKyotoAkitaSaseboNiigataFukuiYamaguchi54.449.749.248.748.448.248.047.947.547.447.447.347.047.047.047.047.046.946.746.746.646.546.546.546.446.346.346.146.045.945.845.845.745.745.545.445.345.245.145.1RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980HigashihiroshimaKofuYamagataOitaTakasakiKochiTakatsukiSuitaOkazakiIbarakiToyokawaOkayamaChibaFukushimaSapporoMitakaHirosakiTsuHakodateNahaShimonosekiIchinomiyaKoriyamaWakayamaHimejiAomoriTakarazukaAkashiKurashikiFujiMitoTokushimaAnjoOtsuHachinoheNagaokaFukuyamaFujisawaKasugaiSakai45.145.044.744.644.544.444.444.344.144.144.044.044.043.943.843.743.543.543.543.443.443.443.343.343.342.942.742.742.542.442.442.342.342.242.242.242.142.142.042.0RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Iwaki,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Isesaki,Ota,Saitama,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Hachioji,Tachikawa,Fuchu,Chofu,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Kawasaki,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Odawara,Chigasaki,Atsugi,Yamato,Joetsu,Takaoka,Numazu,Yokkaichi,Suzuka,Uji,Kishiwada,Hirakata,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,KureFamily Number of Indicators 40/86(Listed by city code)8113803060JAPAN POWER CITIES 202119138 Target Cities12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940FukuokaMatsumotoMiyazakiSendaiHiroshimaIzumoNishinomiyaKumamotoMaebashiHamamatsuNaganoToyohashiKanazawaShizuokaNagasakiKagoshimaToyotaMitakaKobeSuitaYokohamaOitaSagaMatsuyamaNaraToyonakaHigashihiroshimaKurumeTakatsukiMoriokaIbarakiTakasakiMatsueOkazakiKofuSapporoSaseboKyotoFujisawaTsukuba53.352.949.949.949.949.949.549.549.049.048.948.848.848.448.348.348.147.847.847.747.647.647.547.347.247.146.846.746.646.546.546.446.446.446.346.346.346.146.046.0RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980KitakyushuYamagataFukuiGifuKochiToyokawaFuchuToyamaNumazuChigasakiYamaguchiNagoyaHachiojiTakarazukaTakamatsuOkayamaTottoriTsuFujiChibaAkashiKamakuraNiigataAtsugiFukushimaAkitaTachikawaOdawaraOtsuAnjoSagamiharaShimonosekiKoriyamaTokorozawaChofuNahaMitoYokkaichiKureHirakata46.045.845.845.845.845.745.645.645.545.545.445.445.345.345.245.144.744.744.644.644.644.544.544.544.344.344.244.144.044.044.043.843.743.743.743.643.643.343.343.3RankCityScoreHakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Iwaki,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Isesaki,Ota,Saitama,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Kawasaki,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Yamato,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Ichinomiya,Kasugai,Suzuka,Uji,Osaka,Sakai,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Himeji,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,Wakayama,Kurashiki,Fukuyama,TokushimaSeniors Number of Indicators 36/86(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940KyotoOsakaYokohamaFukuokaKobeNagoyaSapporoHiroshimaKanazawaSendaiMatsumotoNaraNagasakiNahaShizuokaKamakuraKitakyushuHakodateHamamatsuKagoshimaChibaNaganoMatsuyamaMoriokaTakamatsuKumamotoIzumoHimejiNishinomiyaMatsueOdawaraMiyazakiNiigataOitaSaseboOtsuKochiKurashikiYokosukaToyama53.751.348.644.544.539.138.838.637.836.635.635.534.834.534.134.133.132.732.732.131.731.431.331.231.131.130.830.530.230.130.130.129.829.529.429.329.329.229.029.0RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980YamaguchiFuchuTottoriHirosakiOkayamaTakarazukaTsukubaKawasakiShimonosekiSaitamaFujisawaGifuTachikawaAomoriKurumeChofuMitakaKofuKureMitoTakatsukiWakayamaToyotaSagaAkitaKawagoeChigasakiHigashihiroshimaKushiroAkashiUjiFukuiHachiojiYamagataSuitaFukushimaNagaokaNumazuIwakiToyohashi29.028.928.928.528.428.428.328.128.128.128.127.927.727.727.527.427.327.127.127.127.027.027.027.027.026.926.926.926.826.826.826.626.526.526.426.326.126.025.925.8RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Tomakomai,Hachinohe,Koriyama,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kumagaya,Kawaguchi,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichikawa,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Yachiyo,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Nishitokyo,Sagamihara,Hiratsuka,Atsugi,Yamato,Joetsu,Takaoka,Fuji,Okazaki,Ichinomiya,Kasugai,Toyokawa,Anjo,Tsu,Yokkaichi,Suzuka,Sakai,Kishiwada,Toyonaka,Hirakata,Ibaraki,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Itami,Kakogawa,Fukuyama,TokushimaTourist Number of Indicators 33/86(Listed by city code)81138138 Target Cities-Actor-Specific ScoresJAPAN POWER CITIES 202120Actor-Specific Scores138 Target Cities12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaNagoyaFukuokaYokohamaKyotoKobeSapporoToyotaSendaiKawasakiAnjoHiroshimaKanazawaMitakaTsukubaSuitaSaitamaYokkaichiHamamatsuShizuokaNishinomiyaMatsumotoHigashihiroshimaOkayamaFuchuToyonakaTachikawaChofuGifuOtsuIbarakiAtsugiIchikawaOkazakiChibaFukuyamaToyokawaKagoshimaKitakyushuHachioji54.944.542.239.537.236.632.732.231.130.530.029.629.529.228.728.428.228.128.028.027.827.827.727.627.527.527.327.227.126.926.826.826.826.826.326.226.226.125.925.8RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980KodairaToyohashiFujisawaHimejiNaganoTakatsukiNiigataFunabashiKashiwaSuzukaTakamatsuMatsuyamaHinoToyamaNagareyamaMiyazakiKumamotoNishitokyoUtsunomiyaOdawaraTsuIchinomiyaYamaguchiMoriokaItamiKasugaiKawaguchiYachiyoHirakataFukushimaTakarazukaFukuiNahaSagamiharaKoriyamaMatsudoSagaSakuraMachidaFuji25.825.625.625.425.325.325.325.225.225.225.125.024.924.924.924.724.624.624.624.624.624.524.424.424.424.424.424.324.224.224.124.024.023.923.923.823.823.823.823.7RankCityScoreHakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Akita,Yamagata,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Chigasaki,Yamato,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Kofu,Numazu,Uji,Sakai,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Akashi,Kakogawa,Nara,Wakayama,Tottori,Matsue,Izumo,Kurashiki,Kure,Shimonoseki,Tokushima,Kochi,Kurume,Nagasaki,Sasebo,OitaExecutive Number of Indicators 36/86(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaNagoyaFukuokaKyotoYokohamaHiroshimaKobeKawasakiKanazawaToyonakaAnjoMatsumotoShizuokaMitakaGifuKurumeKagoshimaToyamaFukuiHigashihiroshimaSagaNishinomiyaAmagasakiMatsueChibaNiigataKochiIchinomiyaMoriokaOkayamaKitakyushuTakamatsuItamiHakodateYamaguchiSuitaSendaiIzumoKumamotoHirosaki50.540.738.838.035.634.733.233.033.032.631.831.831.831.731.731.631.631.631.331.331.231.231.131.131.130.830.730.730.630.430.430.330.230.130.130.029.929.929.929.9RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980NaganoTsuMatsuyamaTottoriKawaguchiMiyazakiYachiyoYamagataTakaokaChofuHigashiosakaTsukubaShimonosekiSapporoSaitamaSakaiTakatsukiIchikawaToyohashiIbarakiFuchuNaraAkitaTachikawaToyokawaNagaokaToyotaYokkaichiFukuyamaKurashikiKureHamamatsuFukushimaKofuKasugaiNishitokyoTokushimaAomoriNagasakiHimeji29.829.629.629.629.529.429.129.028.828.828.828.828.728.628.628.628.428.428.328.228.128.127.927.927.727.627.627.427.327.227.227.126.926.926.726.726.626.626.626.6RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Hachinohe,Koriyama,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Hachioji,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Fujisawa,Odawara,Chigasaki,Atsugi,Yamato,Joetsu,Numazu,Fuji,Okazaki,Suzuka,Otsu,Uji,Kishiwada,Hirakata,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Akashi,Kakogawa,Takarazuka,Wakayama,Sasebo,Oita,NahaEmployee Number of Indicators 19/86(Listed by city code)81138JAPAN POWER CITIES 202121Actor-Specific Scores138 Target Cities12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaNagoyaFukuokaYokohamaKyotoKobeSapporoToyotaSendaiKawasakiAnjoHiroshimaKanazawaMitakaTsukubaSuitaSaitamaYokkaichiHamamatsuShizuokaNishinomiyaMatsumotoHigashihiroshimaOkayamaFuchuToyonakaTachikawaChofuGifuOtsuIbarakiAtsugiIchikawaOkazakiChibaFukuyamaToyokawaKagoshimaKitakyushuHachioji54.944.542.239.537.236.632.732.231.130.530.029.629.529.228.728.428.228.128.028.027.827.827.727.627.527.527.327.227.126.926.826.826.826.826.326.226.226.125.925.8RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980KodairaToyohashiFujisawaHimejiNaganoTakatsukiNiigataFunabashiKashiwaSuzukaTakamatsuMatsuyamaHinoToyamaNagareyamaMiyazakiKumamotoNishitokyoUtsunomiyaOdawaraTsuIchinomiyaYamaguchiMoriokaItamiKasugaiKawaguchiYachiyoHirakataFukushimaTakarazukaFukuiNahaSagamiharaKoriyamaMatsudoSagaSakuraMachidaFuji25.825.625.625.425.325.325.325.225.225.225.125.024.924.924.924.724.624.624.624.624.624.524.424.424.424.424.424.324.224.224.124.024.023.923.923.823.823.823.823.7RankCityScoreHakodate,Asahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Aomori,Hirosaki,Hachinohe,Akita,Yamagata,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Ichihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Chigasaki,Yamato,Nagaoka,Joetsu,Takaoka,Kofu,Numazu,Uji,Sakai,Kishiwada,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Higashiosaka,Amagasaki,Akashi,Kakogawa,Nara,Wakayama,Tottori,Matsue,Izumo,Kurashiki,Kure,Shimonoseki,Tokushima,Kochi,Kurume,Nagasaki,Sasebo,OitaExecutive Number of Indicators 36/86(Listed by city code)8113812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940OsakaNagoyaFukuokaKyotoYokohamaHiroshimaKobeKawasakiKanazawaToyonakaAnjoMatsumotoShizuokaMitakaGifuKurumeKagoshimaToyamaFukuiHigashihiroshimaSagaNishinomiyaAmagasakiMatsueChibaNiigataKochiIchinomiyaMoriokaOkayamaKitakyushuTakamatsuItamiHakodateYamaguchiSuitaSendaiIzumoKumamotoHirosaki50.540.738.838.035.634.733.233.033.032.631.831.831.831.731.731.631.631.631.331.331.231.231.131.131.130.830.730.730.630.430.430.330.230.130.130.029.929.929.929.9RankCityScore41424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980NaganoTsuMatsuyamaTottoriKawaguchiMiyazakiYachiyoYamagataTakaokaChofuHigashiosakaTsukubaShimonosekiSapporoSaitamaSakaiTakatsukiIchikawaToyohashiIbarakiFuchuNaraAkitaTachikawaToyokawaNagaokaToyotaYokkaichiFukuyamaKurashikiKureHamamatsuFukushimaKofuKasugaiNishitokyoTokushimaAomoriNagasakiHimeji29.829.629.629.629.529.429.129.028.828.828.828.828.728.628.628.628.428.428.328.228.128.127.927.927.727.627.627.427.327.227.227.126.926.926.726.726.626.626.626.6RankCityScoreAsahikawa,Kushiro,Tomakomai,Hachinohe,Koriyama,Iwaki,Mito,Hitachi,Utsunomiya,Maebashi,Takasaki,Isesaki,Ota,Kawagoe,Kumagaya,Tokorozawa,Kasukabe,Ageo,Soka,Koshigaya,Funabashi,Matsudo,Sakura,Kashiwa,Ichihara,Nagareyama,Hachioji,Machida,Kodaira,Hino,Sagamihara,Yokosuka,Hiratsuka,Kamakura,Fujisawa,Odawara,Chigasaki,Atsugi,Yamato,Joetsu,Numazu,Fuji,Okazaki,Suzuka,Otsu,Uji,Kishiwada,Hirakata,Yao,Neyagawa,Izumi,Akashi,Kakogawa,Takarazuka,Wakayama,Sasebo,Oita,NahaEmployee Number of Indicators 19/86(Listed by city code)81138A multifunctional city with an excellent living environment and a strong economyChuo City,which maintains a well-balanced high score in all areas,received high marks for Cleanliness of Streets in the Comfortability indicator in Environment.For Daily Life and Livability,Total Fertility Rate in the area of Childcare and Education has improved,validating the results of child raising support measures.In the area of Economy and Business,Economic Scale and Business Vitality showed particular growth,indicating the strength of the economy.Although the level of Research and Development is somewhat lower than in other functions,the new indicator of Number of Patents Granted rated highly,and an increased score in this area could be expected in the future.CHUO-CITY3Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment7505025#2 67.5（#2）#2 68.1（#2）#5 52.8（#6）#3 67.4（#3）#2 69.7（#2）#7 57.1（#7）Function-specific rank and deviationEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreA cosmopolitan city that has enhanced its appealing livabilityMinato City,a city with a rich international character that has received high marks in all areas,further improved its scores in the areas of Research and Development,Daily Life and Livability,and Environment.In Research and Development,Minato City received a high score for the new indicator of Number of Patents Granted,and also increased its score for the Number of Leading Firms in Global Niches and the Number of Papers Submitted.For Daily Life and Livability,the score for Level of Online Municipal Promotion was high,suggesting the progressive digitization of local government activity.In addition,the number of respondents who positively rated the Cleanliness of Streets in the Comfortability category of Environment increased.This indicates that the city is not only attractive in terms of economy and culture,but is also a comfortable place to live.MINATO-CITY2Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment0755025#4 57.4（#4）#3 67.8（#3）#1 76.4（#2）#2 70.6（#2）#3 62.6（#3）#1 71.2（#1）Function-specific rank and deviationEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreA highly livable city with a range of functionsChiyoda Ward,located in the center of Tokyos 23 wards,has a high concentration of government offices and offices,and a variety of functions.In particular,it received the highest rating among the 23 wards for Economy and Business,Daily Life and Livability,and Accessibility.In addition to having the highest value-added among the 23 wards in terms of economic power,the city is also promoting resident-friendly urban development,such as Availability of Daycare Services and Assistance for Childrens Medical Costs,making it a highly livable city.CHIYODA-CITY1Economy&BusinessR&DAccessibilityCulturalInteractionDaily Life&LivabilityEnvironment7505025#5 57.3（#9）#1 73.7（#1）#3 71.1（#4）#1 77.8（#1）#1 72.3（#1）#2 65.1（#2）Function-specific rank and deviationEase of MobilityCity AccessibilityInner-CityTransportComfortabilityNaturalEnvironmentEnvironmentalPerformanceLifestyleAffluenceLiving FacilitiesLivingEnvironmentCivil Life andWelfareChildcareand EducationHealth andMedical CareSecurityand SafetyVolume of CommunicationVolume of InteractionAttractiveness toVisitorsIntangibleResourcesTangibleResourcesResearchAchievementAcademicResourcesFinancialAffairsBusiness EnvironmentBusiness VitalityDiversity ofHuman ResourcesEmployment andHuman ResourcesEconomicScale Economy R&D Cultural Interaction Daily Life&Livability Environment Accessibility0502575100Indicator group-specific deviation scoreJapan Power Cities 2021Results and AnalysisFor the top 3 wards based on total score,function-specific,as well as indicator group-specific radar charts were used to analyze their strengths and appeal(deviation values were calculated within the 23 wards of Tokyo.)Tokyo 23 Wards138 Target Cities-Actor-Specific Scores/Tokyo 23 Wards-Results and AnalysisJAPAN POWER CITIES 202122Tokyo 23 WardsFunction-Specific ScoresRankTotal ScoreCityScoreChiyodaMinatoChuoShibuyaShinjukuBunkyoKotoShinagawaTaitoMeguroToshimaSetagayaSumidaOtaSuginamiNakano,Kita,Arakawa,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,Edogawa1,440.21,384.61,261.01,125.41,108.51,097.1990.7973.9964.7923.2904.6885.3873.7828.0823.2Rank1234567891011121314151623123456789101112131415162312345678910111213141516231234567891011121314151623123456789101112131415162312345678910111213141516231234567891011121314151623Economy&BusinessCityScoreChiyodaMinatoChuoShibuyaShinjukuShinagawaMeguroBunkyoToshimaKotoTaitoSetagayaSuginamiNakanoSumidaOta,Kita,Arakawa,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,Edogawa448.9394.8371.3311.3293.1255.3251.1246.3237.1235.6225.6214.9209.6206.9204.8RankResearch&DevelopmentCityScoreMinatoBunkyoChiyodaShinjukuChuoMeguroSetagayaKotoShibuyaShinagawaToshimaOtaItabashiArakawaTaitoSumida,Nakano,Suginami,Kita,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,Edogawa86.174.273.153.827.620.617.916.516.413.613.513.28.26.05.3RankCultural InteractionCityMinatoChiyodaShibuyaShinjukuTaitoKotoChuoBunkyoSumidaToshimaShinagawaSetagayaMeguroOtaKatsushikaNakano,Suginami,Kita,Arakawa,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Edogawa216.7185.9180.7170.1164.5158.2145.6141.6126.2119.5114.491.684.478.075.5RankDaily Life&LivabilityCityScoreChiyodaChuoMinatoBunkyoShibuyaShinjukuMeguroSetagayaToshimaTaitoShinagawaItabashiSuginamiNerimaSumidaKoto,Ota,Nakano,Kita,Arakawa,Adachi,Katsushika,Edogawa403.1377.3376.2345.6335.4324.0300.4295.0294.0291.8291.1284.6284.2281.0274.3RankEnvironmentCityScoreKotoChuoEdogawaMinatoChiyodaShinagawaSetagayaBunkyoSuginamiNerimaKitaOtaSumidaArakawaKatsushikaShinjuku,Taito,Meguro,Shibuya,Nakano,Toshima,Itabashi,Adach142.7136.5128.5122.0121.8120.3118.8118.5118.4116.6112.2111.3108.7108.0106.8RankAccessibilityCityScoreChiyodaChuoMinatoShibuyaShinagawaKotoTaitoShinjukuBunkyoOtaEdogawaToshimaMeguroSumidaArakawaSetagaya,Nakano,Suginami,Kita,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika207.6202.6188.8182.5179.2177.2176.6176.1170.8169.8163.9161.3161.1156.0155.5(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)JAPAN POWER CITIES 202123Tokyo 23 WardsFunction-Specific ScoresActor-Specific ScoresIn order to evaluate the function-specific characteristics of cities from the viewpoint of people,6 types of actors(Single,Family,Seniors,Tourist,Executive,Employee)were established for this report.To calculate the actor-specific score,first the individual urban needs are determined for each actor,after which the indicators associated with those needs are selected and values are averaged to produce a score.123456789101112131415162312345678910111213141516231234567891011121314151623123456789101112131415162312345678910111213141516231234567891011121314151623Single Number of Indicators 23/86ChiyodaChuoMinatoBunkyoShibuyaShinagawaShinjukuMeguroTaitoToshimaSetagayaSuginamiItabashiKotoSumida60.660.256.851.050.848.148.047.347.345.243.643.643.542.142.0Ota,Nakano,Kita,Arakawa,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,EdogawaFamily Number of Indicators 40/86ChiyodaChuoMinatoBunkyoShibuyaShinjukuShinagawaMeguroKotoSetagayaTaitoSuginamiSumidaToshimaItabashi54.754.353.749.047.345.445.244.143.643.243.141.941.541.041.0Ota,Nakano,Kita,Arakawa,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,EdogawaSeniors Number of Indicators 36/86ChiyodaChuoMinatoBunkyoShibuyaShinagawaShinjukuMeguroTaitoKotoSuginamiSetagayaSumidaItabashiNerima58.756.954.252.449.047.647.446.646.245.644.844.744.543.343.2Ota,Nakano,Toshima,Kita,Arakawa,Adachi,Katsushika,EdogawaTourist Number of Indicators 33/86MinatoChiyodaChuoShibuyaKotoTaitoShinjukuBunkyoShinagawaSumidaToshimaSetagayaMeguroEdogawaOta48.047.346.240.339.638.738.237.034.632.130.029.428.828.228.2Nakano,Suginami,Kita,Arakawa,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,KatsushikaExecutive Number of Indicators 36/86ChiyodaMinatoChuoShibuyaShinjukuBunkyoShinagawaKotoMeguroToshimaTaitoSetagayaOtaNakanoSuginami67.863.155.547.346.141.040.039.838.237.935.833.232.732.532.4Sumida,Kita,Arakawa,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,EdogawaEmployee Number of Indicators 19/86ChuoChiyodaMinatoShibuyaShinjukuTaitoShinagawaToshimaBunkyoMeguroSumidaKotoArakawaOtaNakano67.465.358.553.252.650.345.645.444.843.041.440.440.038.637.7Setagaya,Suginami,Kita,Itabashi,Nerima,Adachi,Katsushika,EdogawaRankCityScoreRankCityScoreRankCityScoreRankCityScoreRankCityScoreRankCityScore(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)(Listed by city code)Tokyo 23 Wards-Function-Specific Scores/Actor-Specific ScoresJAPAN POWER CITIES 202124Special Research Tokyo 23 WardsBefore the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicAfter the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicEmployment and schooling before and after the coronavirus pandemicGo to work or school Work or study at homeWork or study at both work or school and home evenlyIn March 2021,we conducted a questionnaire survey in the JPC2021 Target Cities to determine the extent to which telecommuting was used when it was recommended to limit the spread of the coronavirus.A questionnaire survey was conducted with 300 people living in the Target Cities,asking whether before and after the outbreak of the coronavirus they go to work or school,work or study at home,or work or study at both work or school and home evenly.It became clear that the actual situation of telecommuting tends to differ across cities and regions.In the 23 wards of Tokyo after the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic,the percentages of respondents who work or study at both work or school and home evenly increased significantly compared to other cities.In cities within the Tokyo metropolitan area,such as Tokorozawa,Ichikawa,and Kawasaki,the percentage of telecommuting employees was also higher,though not as high as in the 23 wards of Tokyo,indicating that telecommuting is becoming more common across the metropolitan area.On the other hand,telecommuting is not as widespread in the Kansai region as it is in the Tokyo metropolitan area,and in core cities other than large regional cities such as Hachinohe and Yamaguchi,the percentage of those who work or study at home has increased slightly but has not changed significantly from before the outbreak of coronavirus.The results of our survey find that the percentage of people working at home has increased significantly in the Tokyo metropolitan area,especially in the 23 wards of Tokyo,and is on a slight upward trend in the Kansai metropolitan area and regional metropolises,with only a slight increase in regional core cities.020406080100ChiyodaChuoMinatoShinjukuBunkyoTaitoSumidaKotoShinagawaMeguroOtaSetagayaShibuyaNakanoSuginamiToshimaKitaArakawaItabashiNerimaAdachiKatsushikaEdogawaChiyodaChuoMinatoShinjukuBunkyoTaitoSumidaKotoShinagawaMeguroOtaSetagayaShibuyaNakanoSuginamiToshimaKitaArakawaItabashiNerimaAdachiKatsushikaEdogawa020406080100 78.0 79.1 78.8 79.8 81.0 73.4 77.8 85.0 84.2 78.5 79.7 81.3 81.5 79.7 80.2 81.3 85.6 84.1 80.5 84.2 81.2 81.9 85.0 13.1 9.4 12.4 12.7 13.3 13.3 11.5 9.3 5.3 12.3 10.1 10.0 10.3 14.0 12.4 9.8 9.5 8.4 13.6 9.6 9.9 7.1 5.8 8.9 11.5 8.8 7.5 5.8 13.3 10.7 5.6 10.5 9.2 10.1 8.7 8.2 6.4 7.4 8.9 5.0 7.5 5.9 6.2 8.9 11.0 9.3 43.2 45.5 44.2 49.6 49.1 41.6 53.0 57.0 51.3 50.4 53.1 55.3 51.9 50.0 49.8 53.6 49.1 62.8 52.0 55.0 54.5 60.0 59.7 32.8 33.6 38.1 31.6 29.6 34.3 28.6 25.2 26.3 36.0 29.0 30.6 29.2 35.2 34.6 29.0 27.0 20.8 29.0 28.7 28.2 19.5 21.7 23.9 20.9 17.7 18.9 21.2 24.0 18.4 17.8 22.4 13.6 17.9 14.2 18.9 14.8 15.7 17.4 23.9 16.4 19.0 16.3 17.4 20.5 18.6 JAPAN POWER CITIES 202125HokkaidoTohokuKantoGo to work or school Work or study at homeWork or study at both work or school and home evenlyBefore the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicAfter the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicSapporoHakodateAsahikawaKushiroTomakomaiAomoriHirosakiHachinoheMoriokaSendaiAkitaYamagataFukushimaKoriyamaIwakiSapporoHakodateAsahikawaKushiroTomakomaiAomoriHirosakiHachinoheMoriokaSendaiAkitaYamagataFukushimaKoriyamaIwakiMitoHitachiTsukubaUtsunomiyaMaebashiTakasakiIsesakiOtaSaitamaKawagoeKumagayaKawaguchiTokorozawaKasukabeAgeoSokaKoshigayaChibaIchikawaFunabashiMatsudoSakuraKashiwaIchiharaNagareyamaYachiyoHachiojiTachikawaMitakaFuchuChofuMachidaKodairaHinoNishitokyoMitoHitachiTsukubaUtsunomiyaMaebashiTakasakiIsesakiOtaSaitamaKawagoeKumagayaKawaguchiTokorozawaKasukabeAgeoSokaKoshigayaChibaIchikawaFunabashiMatsudoSakuraKashiwaIchiharaNagareyamaYachiyoHachiojiTachikawaMitakaFuchuChofuMachidaKodairaHinoNishitokyo020406080100020406080100020406080100020406080100 78.2 79.3 77.5 83.4 84.3 79.5 79.8 87.1 81.9 78.2 84.7 81.6 86.1 82.9 77.7 75.3 74.6 67.0 71.8 76.9 69.6 74.3 78.9 60.2 60.8 74.9 60.7 56.1 70.7 63.1 63.8 63.5 64.3 56.5 65.7 57.6 67.9 64.4 71.7 52.9 61.2 55.8 61.8 52.9 58.5 56.5 65.9 55.4 58.6 58.3 12.1 8.0 20.2 18.9 14.4 17.1 16.8 9.9 19.9 23.1 14.5 21.8 24.9 14.1 19.2 19.1 16.7 21.4 26.1 18.5 18.0 21.6 16.0 12.7 28.4 20.4 24.0 22.3 30.5 23.7 23.8 21.5 26.8 24.7 22.5 12.6 17.4 12.8 9.2 8.8 13.4 8.9 11.3 19.9 16.0 10.6 17.5 19.0 15.2 17.7 17.0 19.8 14.3 17.4 15.7 24.4 10.5 19.6 15.6 18.6 18.4 20.3 15.9 16.6 17.9 19.6 12.7 17.8 16.7 19.3 85.1 85.6 84.7 84.0 83.8 82.0 80.8 86.9 86.3 79.2 87.4 81.5 79.5 88.5 80.8 83.4 81.8 88.3 86.0 86.1 80.0 87.4 86.1 81.1 80.9 85.4 77.9 83.2 78.9 84.8 85.5 82.0 80.8 81.4 86.2 7.9 5.0 10.3 8.3 7.9 10.1 11.7 6.6 8.1 10.8 6.8 7.6 10.2 3.7 11.6 8.5 6.8 6.6 7.7 6.9 7.3 8.4 3.6 7.5 9.3 5.8 11.1 8.2 12.1 9.4 6.5 10.7 9.4 10.2 5.0 7.0 9.5 4.9 7.8 8.3 7.8 7.5 6.6 5.7 9.9 5.8 10.9 10.2 7.9 7.6 8.1 11.5 5.1 6.3 6.9 12.7 4.2 10.3 11.3 9.8 8.7 11.1 8.6 9.0 5.8 7.9 7.3 9.9 8.4 8.7 68.2 72.2 74.6 80.5 83.8 75.7 75.6 84.8 76.0 68.9 74.4 73.7 76.9 78.1 75.7 16.1 14.1 9.1 6.8 8.1 8.6 12.2 5.7 13.2 13.1 9.9 12.3 13.9 12.9 10.4 15.6 13.6 16.3 12.7 8.1 15.7 12.2 9.5 10.8 18.0 15.8 14.0 9.3 9.0 13.9 12.3 11.1 7.2 5.4 7.6 9.0 9.9 6.2 8.8 8.3 3.9 8.3 7.4 10.0 11.4 9.5 9.6 15.3 11.2 8.1 11.4 10.3 6.7 9.3 13.6 11.3 10.1 6.5 7.1 10.9 Special ResearchJAPAN POWER CITIES 202126Go to work or school Work or study at homeWork or study at both work or school and home evenlyHokurikuTokaiKinkiBefore the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicAfter the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicYokohamaKawasakiSagamiharaYokosukaHiratsukaKamakuraFujisawaOdawaraChigasakiAtsugiYamatoKofuNaganoMatsumotoYokohamaKawasakiSagamiharaYokosukaHiratsukaKamakuraFujisawaOdawaraChigasakiAtsugiYamatoKofuNaganoMatsumotoNiigataNagaokaJoetsuToyamaTakaokaKanazawaFukuiGifuShizuokaHamamatsuNumazuFujiNagoyaToyohashiOkazakiIchinomiyaKasugaiToyokawaToyotaAnjoTsuYokkaichiSuzukaNiigataNagaokaJoetsuToyamaTakaokaKanazawaFukuiGifuShizuokaHamamatsuNumazuFujiNagoyaToyohashiOkazakiIchinomiyaKasugaiToyokawaToyotaAnjoTsuYokkaichiSuzukaOtsuKyotoUjiOsakaSakaiKishiwadaToyonakaSuitaTakatsukiHirakataIbarakiYaoNeyagawaIzumiHigashiosakaKobeHimejiAmagasakiAkashiNishinomiyaItamiKakogawaTakarazukaNaraWakayamaOtsuKyotoUjiOsakaSakaiKishiwadaToyonakaSuitaTakatsukiHirakataIbarakiYaoNeyagawaIzumiHigashiosakaKobeHimejiAmagasakiAkashiNishinomiyaItamiKakogawaTakarazukaNaraWakayama02040608010002040608010085.7 82.2 87.2 81.4 87.6 79.8 83.4 83.6 84.6 86.4 83.8 76.9 74.9 83.0 5.2 8.2 6.4 10.6 6.9 11.5 7.8 5.8 8.4 5.0 8.1 9.3 13.0 8.7 9.0 9.6 6.4 8.0 5.4 8.7 8.8 10.6 7.0 8.5 8.1 13.8 12.1 8.3 62.9 51.4 69.0 64.3 72.3 54.3 63.9 67.6 62.1 68.3 66.7 69.3 71.5 74.8 18.1 27.4 20.2 23.1 15.3 29.8 21.0 15.0 23.4 16.1 17.2 14.7 16.4 13.3 19.0 21.2 10.8 12.6 12.4 15.9 15.1 17.4 14.5 15.6 16.2 16.0 12.1 11.9 020406080100 83.0 86.9 82.0 79.7 81.5 82.0 81.0 80.6 76.7 80.4 82.1 82.8 81.5 80.0 81.2 85.6 85.8 85.0 80.4 85.5 85.6 80.3 83.9 10.0 7.2 8.6 10.1 7.0 5.7 8.1 11.1 11.6 10.1 6.7 5.9 7.6 7.9 9.9 7.7 7.4 7.9 8.0 5.3 8.1 6.3 7.6 7.0 5.9 9.4 10.1 11.5 12.3 10.9 8.3 11.6 9.5 11.2 11.3 10.9 12.1 8.9 6.7 6.8 7.0 11.6 9.2 6.2 13.5 8.5 020406080100 79.5 82.4 78.1 76.0 77.5 77.7 77.8 77.4 73.0 75.9 76.2 79.3 67.3 73.5 74.3 72.6 76.8 78.9 66.3 74.4 79.4 72.6 80.6 10.0 8.1 9.9 11.5 7.0 9.5 9.0 13.4 13.0 12.1 10.3 6.4 14.2 11.6 12.4 13.0 11.6 9.7 13.6 10.6 11.0 8.7 10.0 10.5 9.5 12.0 12.4 15.4 12.8 13.1 9.2 14.0 12.1 13.5 14.3 18.5 14.9 13.4 14.4 11.6 11.5 20.1 15.0 9.6 18.8 9.5 020406080100 5.0 8.4 7.4 6.0 11.2 9.8 7.1 6.4 10.2 8.1 10.6 11.3 8.5 9.8 8.0 8.5 10.6 8.7 10.1 7.0 10.2 11.8 7.5 8.7 8.8 7.5 11.0 10.8 10.6 5.3 5.9 8.6 7.4 5.8 6.6 8.7 9.0 7.5 6.0 8.5 11.5 8.3 6.8 11.6 9.0 7.4 8.8 7.0 9.7 12.5 87.6 80.6 81.9 83.5 83.5 84.4 84.3 86.2 84.0 85.4 80.7 79.7 84.0 84.2 83.6 80.0 81.1 84.5 78.3 84.1 82.3 79.4 85.6 81.6 78.7 020406080100 10.9 12.8 10.3 10.6 18.9 14.1 15.7 15.8 17.0 12.6 15.5 17.9 13.0 13.0 13.1 14.0 20.3 17.4 12.1 14.9 13.5 18.1 15.0 12.2 10.6 11.4 17.2 15.7 19.3 9.7 11.2 17.6 13.3 16.0 17.2 17.9 12.7 16.5 10.2 15.0 17.5 11.5 15.5 18.7 19.9 14.4 10.8 13.4 15.3 15.7 77.6 70.0 74.0 70.2 71.4 74.6 66.7 70.9 67.0 70.2 66.7 69.3 70.5 76.7 71.8 68.5 68.2 67.1 69.2 65.2 72.1 71.1 71.7 72.4 73.6 JAPAN POWER CITIES 202127Go to work or school Work or study at homeWork or study at both work or school and home evenlyChugokuShikokuKyusyuOkinawaBefore the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicAfter the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemicInternet questionnaireResidents aged 20 years and above,living in one of the 161 target cities.34,183 responsesMarch,2021Survey Research Center Co.,Ltd.Survey methodRespondentsNumber of responsesSurvey periodSurveyed by：Whether they go to work or school,work or study at home,or work or study at both work or school and home evenly before and after the outbreak of the coronavirus.1.Go to work or school 2.Work or study at home3.Work or study at both work or school and home evenlyQuestionChoices：TottoriMatsueIzumoOkayamaKurashikiHiroshimaKureFukuyamaHigashihiroshimaShimonosekiYamaguchiTokushimaTakamatsuMatsuyamaKochiTottoriMatsueIzumoOkayamaKurashikiHiroshimaKureFukuyamaHigashihiroshimaShimonosekiYamaguchiTokushimaTakamatsuMatsuyamaKochiKitakyushuFukuokaKurumeSagaNagasakiSaseboKumamotoOitaMiyazakiKagoshimaNahaKitakyushuFukuokaKurumeSagaNagasakiSaseboKumamotoOitaMiyazakiKagoshimaNaha020406080100020406080100 81.0 78.5 79.9 75.6 76.0 74.0 73.2 75.0 73.2 76.4 80.5 79.6 75.2 73.7 74.0 10.2 8.8 8.8 13.6 7.5 10.6 15.5 9.0 14.1 8.5 7.1 13.3 13.1 14.7 14.4 8.8 12.7 11.2 10.8 16.5 15.4 11.3 16.0 12.7 15.1 12.4 7.1 11.7 11.5 11.6 7.1 6.6 9.2 8.5 6.5 3.8 9.4 8.0 8.3 6.6 6.2 10.0 11.2 12.0 9.8 84.5 82.9 80.7 82.6 83.5 86.5 79.8 80.0 82.0 82.5 83.2 83.4 80.4 80.2 80.0 8.4 10.5 10.0 8.9 10.0 9.6 10.8 12.0 9.8 10.8 10.6 6.6 8.4 7.8 10.2 020406080100 7.5 10.1 7.9 6.3 9.1 6.8 6.4 5.1 10.6 6.1 9.5 82.9 79.7 82.5 84.2 81.3 83.0 79.9 85.2 81.9 81.8 78.8 9.5 10.1 9.6 9.5 9.6 10.2 13.7 9.7 7.4 12.1 11.7 020406080100 13.6 16.6 9.6 9.5 11.1 9.2 11.9 7.9 14.4 7.0 16.2 74.9 64.5 75.9 77.9 75.0 76.7 73.1 80.1 73.6 79.0 67.1 11.6 18.9 14.5 12.6 13.9 14.1 15.1 12.0 12.0 14.0 16.7 Special ResearchJAPAN POWER CITIES 202128（1）Data derived from statistical materials(81 indicators)When available,data is taken from official public sources.Regarding data not obtained from public statistics,other reputable sources are used.Data was collected in the period of January April 2021.（2）Resident Questionnaire(6 indicators)Survey method:internet questionnaire Respondents:residents aged 20 years and above,living in one of the 161 target cities.Number of responses:48,300 responses(300 per city)with a 1:1 male-female ratio.Respondent age ranges were set at a ratio of 6:4 for 20-59-year-olds to those 60 years old and over.Survey period:March,2021 Surveyed by:Survey Research Center Co.,Ltd.Economy&BusinessEconomic Scale1Total Value AddedThe total value added in terms of number of enterprises in the target city or ward.2Intra-regional Gross ExpenditureThe total expenditure recorded intraregionally in the target city.For Tokyos 23 wards,data was estimated using population figures and total employment(exluding public entities),with values being added together for each ward as a ratio of the total value of gross expenditure for all wards.3Daytime-Nighttime Population RatioThe ratio of the population commuting to work or school in the target city or ward divided by the residential population of the target city or ward.Employment and Human Resources4Total EmploymentThe number of employees(exluding public entities)in the target city or ward.5Wage LevelThe sum values for total salary and total welfare payments divided by the total number of employees(exluding public entities)in the target city or ward.6Higher-Education Completion RateThe ratio of higher-education graduates(juniour college,national college of technology,4-year program)that exist among the total population aged 18 and above in the target city or ward.7Intake/Outflow of Young EmployeesThe ratio of the population in 2005 who have not yet entered higher-education(aged 15-19),against the population in 2015 who had completed their higher-education(aged 25-29).Diversity of Human Resources8Female Employment RatioThe ratio of female workers between the ages of 15-64 to the total number of employees aged 15-64 in the target city or ward.9Foreign Employment RatioThe ratio of foreign workers aged 15 and above to the total number of employees aged 15 and above in the target city or ward.For unlisted cities,the numbers from each prefectural Labor Bureau were used.For cities not listed in the bureau,estimates were made using the foreign population.10Elderly Employment RateThe elderly employment rate calculated as the number of employees aged 65 and above divided by the total population aged 65 and above in the target city or ward.Business Vitality11Ratio of Newly Registered BusinessesThe number of newly designated corporations in 2020 divided by the total number of corporations in each city.12Labor ProductivityThe ratio of total value added to the number of employees in general industries(exluding public entities)in the target city or ward.13Total unemployment rateThe number of unemployed people divided by the total working population.Business Environment14Number of Certified Special ZonesThe number of projects certified as“National Strategic Special Zones”and the number of special zones in“Comprehensive Special Zones”and“Structural Reform Special Zones”were indexed separately and then combined.(Those certified at the prefectural level were weighted at 0.5.)15Ratio of Employees in Service Industry for Business EnterprisesThe number of employees in 25 industry subcategories defined as Business Services divided by the total number of employees as recorded in the Economic Census(exluding public entities).16Total Supply of New Office Real EstateThe average floor area of real estate buildings over the last three years.17Density of Flexible WorkplacesCalculated based on the following criteria:(1)value obtained by dividing the number of coffee shops by the total land area in use,and(2)value obtained by dividing the number of co-working spaces by the total land area in use.Financial Affairs18Financial Capability IndexThe value in the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Financial Strength Index.For Tokyos 23 wards,the value in the General Affairs Bureaus Economic Strength Index is used.19Public Account Balance RatioThe current account balance ratio for the target city or ward.20Real Debt Expenditure RatioThe total value of debt payments divided by the annual public income for the target city or ward.21Future Burden RatioThe total outstanding debt divided by the annual public income for the target city or ward.FunctionIndicator GroupNo.Indicator namesDefinitionsIndicators were established based on quantitative data(81 indicators)drawn from statistical materials,and survey data(6 indicators)obtained from a resident questionnaire carried out by the Mori Memorial Foundation.Data acquisition methods are outlined in(1)and(2)below.Definitions of IndicatorsJAPAN POWER CITIES 202129 Research&DevelopmentAcademic Resources22Ratio of Academic and Development Research Institution EmployeesThe total number of employees in research&development institutions divided by the total number of employees (exluding public entities)in the workforce for the target city or ward.23Number of Leading UniversitiesCalculated based on the following criteria:(1)the indexed score based on the score of universities featured in Benesses World Ranking of Top 150 Universities-Japan Edition that are located in the target city or ward;and(2)the indexed score based on the score of universities featured in Times Higher Educations The World University Rankings that are located in the target city or ward.For both(1)and(2),universities with campuses in different cities,the total number of theses was divided by the number of campuses.Research Achievement24Number of Papers SubmittedThe average number of papers on National Institute of Informatics CiNii Articles in the past year submitted from the 188 universities which have published 500 or more theses for the 10-year period between 2008-2017 according to NISTEPs Japanese Universities Research Theses Benchmarking report and individual national research and development institutes as listed in the Science Map Report published by the same institute.Papers were searched on 2017-2019,with the average values for both dates used.For universities with campuses in different cities,the total number of theses was divided by the number of campuses.25Number of Leading Firms in Global NichesThe number of headquarters,offices,and factories maintained by companies featured in the Ministry of Economy,Trade&Industrys Global Niche Top 100 Companies.26Number of Patents GrantedThe number of patents granted in the last five years.Cultural InteractionTangible Resources27Number and Rating of Tourist AttractionsThe value obtained by adding the indexed number of tourist spots and the indexed number of reviews in each of the eight categories of Sightseeing in TripAdvisor Japan:“Famous Tourist Spots,”“Nature and Parks,Outdoors,Museums,Zoos and Aquariums,Leisure Facilities,Concerts and Shows,and Amusement Parks and Theme Parks.Excludes items considered to be intangible tourist attractions.28Number of Designated Cultural AssetsThe number of designated cultural assets recognized 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