消费品行业报告-PDF版

高德地图：2023年五一假期出行预测报告（11页）.pdf

声 明高德地图联合全国近50家公安交通管理部门共同发布2023年五一假期出行预测报告（以下简称“报告”），报告中海量交通大数据来自高德地图及行业浮动车数据，预测结果是结合多年历史同期及近期数据，通过大.

2023-04-25 11页 5星级

Fluctuo：2022年度欧洲共享出行指数报告（英文版）（38页）.pdf

EUROPEANSHARED MOBILITY INDEX THANKS TO OUR PARTNERSFully owned by BNP Paribas,Arval is a specialist in full-service vehicle leasing and new mobility solutions.Through our connected solutions and tailored services,companies are able to optimise their employees mobility and outsource the risks associated with fleet management.We also actively support and advise our customers in accelerating the energy transition,empowering them to be more Bafang is one of the leading manufac-turers of e-mobility components and complete e-drive systems,developing customized solutions for a wide range of electric vehicles since 2003.The company operates worldwide and focuses on all global e-mobility trends of the future:whether for individual concepts for e-bikes,e-scooters or public bike-sharing systems.Bafangs comprehensive pro-duct portfolio includes motors,sensors,batteries,HMIs,controllers,connectors,and innovative IOT results.bafang-INVERS,inventor of automated vehicle sharing,enables mobility service providers to launch,operate and scale their offerings with integrated telematics and software solutions,specifically designed for developers of shared mobility services.The company acts as an independent and reliable partner for operators such as SHARE NOW,Clevershuttle,Miles,Getaround,Flinkster,TIER,and Emmy.The development takes place entirely in GSHARE NOW is the market leader and pioneer of free-floating carsharing.The company is operating 11,000 vehicles in 16 European cities.More than three million customers are already using the on-demand service that offers rentals from 3 minutes to 30 days and a variety of car models from brands such as BMW,Mercedes-Benz,MINI,smart and Fiat.share-Wunder Mobility is the leading software and hardware provider for vehicle sharing.Our highly customizable and deeply integrated software solution is com-plemented by a sharing-ready vehicle program built in partnership with leading manufacturers.Operators of bike-,scoo-ter-,and car-sharing systems in 200 cities on five continents are relying on Wunder technology to complete millions of trips per month.Wunder Mobility was founded in 2014 by Gunnar Froh and is headquartered in Hamburg,GPOLIS is the leading network of European local,regional and transport authorities committed to transport innovation.Our focus is on innovations that make urban mobility more sustai-nable,safe,affordable and equitable.We actively support constructive dia-logue with shared mobility operators to shape together solutions that serve the public good and drive the shift that we all need to achieve this decade.polis-network.euDrover AI specializes in AI-based IoT solutions for last-mile transportation,elevating the performance of fleets while exceeding the regulatory requirements of cities.Drovers PathPilot delivers features like sidewalk detection and parking compliance even in the absence of GPS or cellular connectivity,allowing for unmatched control of fleet and user behavior in real time.Drover pairs its edge-based tech with its management platform,Corral,to deliver a variety of unique and valuable insights to operators and cities alike.drover.aiI-THE EUROPEAN MARKETIntroduction Market SizingII-COUNTRY SPOTLIGHTS The 100 citiesFrance GermanyItaly NetherlandsNorwayPolandSpainSwedenUnited KingdomIII-RIDERSHIP&MODAL BREAKDOWN BikesScootersMopedsCarsP5P6P10P12P14P16P18P20P22P24P26P28P31P32P33 P34MethodologyAbout FluctuoP36P37CONTENTSPART ITHE EUROPEAN MARKET All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023P.4Since 2018,nearly 600,000 dockless scooters,bikes and mopeds have been deployed,taking the total to 850,000 shared vehicles by the end of 2022.Over the course of last year,nearly 200 new shared mobility services were launched,contributing to a record 550 million trips being made across the continent,creating some 3.1 billion in revenue from end-users.Despite the evident appetite for these new mobility services,the future of the industry remains uncertain.The huge influx of capital between 2018 and 2021 allowed operators to expand rapidly to new markets and to set aside concerns of financial sustainability.2022 saw the invasion of Ukraine and economic downturn,making it much harder to secure new funds.As operators have had to streamline operations and focus on profitability,93 services were paused or stopped.Several operators were recapitalized in a hurry,others were acquired or went through mergers.At the same time,cities are voicing their concerns over safety and the occupation of public space.In April 2023,the people of Paris will vote on whether or not to continue with shared scooter services,a decision that may have implications beyond the French capital.Challenges lie ahead in 2023,but there is good reason to remain optimistic.The EU recently announced a 17-point plan to double the number of kilometres cycled by 2030,making cycling and riding safer,and giving shared mobility services room to grow.Cities now have the power to give operators optimal conditions to run economically-viable services for many years to come.Despite vehicle fleet caps,the optimization of unit economics should allow operators to get close to the ultimate goal:making services financially&environmentally sustainable.2022:A YEAR OF CONTRASTSP.5P.5Press enquiries: All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023MARKET SIZINGFluctuo found that 3.1 billion in revenue was generated by shared rides in 2022.550 million trips were made,equating to an average of 1.5 million trips per day.With 850,000 vehicles on European streets,shared mobility has become increasingly popular.During the COVID-19 pandemic,riders valued hygienic,sustainable,and flexible travel.It has since become a staple for commuters across Europe.Although some cities question their merit,scooters are the frontrunner in shared mobility,accounting for more than half of all vehicles(480,000)and half of all shared trips made in Europe.Station-based(or docked)bikes are the most effective form of shared mobility(most trips per vehicle per day).They account for 18%of vehicles but 30%of all trips.Remarkable.On the next page,we observed that vehicle availability fluctuates significantly throughout the year depending on weather,tourism and local events.Free-floating bike and scooter fleet sizes are constantly changing,much more than for the other modes.Fleet sizes usually shrink during winter months due to lower temperatures and fewer daylight hours.As these services are more sensitive to changes in demand,they require more careful management and maintenance to ensure their ongoing success.With vehicles available and trips increasing,the shared mobility market in Europe is strong and has the potential for continued growth in the coming years.User behaviour should continue to value shared mobility as an alternative and complementary form of commuting.Improving technology will also likely further sweeten the user experiencefor instance,by facilitating travel across greater distances.However,it is worth highlighting that more exposure means greater political intervention and regulation.With all that in mind,how large will the market be in 2023?MARKET SIZING All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023EUROPEAN MARKET 2022850,000 VEHICLES(1)EU27 UK,Norway&Switzerland550 million TRIPS3.1 billion GENERATED BY RIDES(2)(1)Average( /-10%variation due to seasonality)(2)VAT includedRIDERSHIP MODAL BREAKDOWN2022300%7%7PP%5%5%7%7%1.5 millionTotal trips per dayVEHICLES MODAL BREAKDOWN2022300PP%5%5%7%7VV%5%5%8%8%Station basedbikesFree-floatingbikesScootersMopedsCarsP.6MARKET SIZINGEurope leads the shared mobility race NABSA(North American Bike and scooter Share Association)found there to be 212,000 shared scooters and bikes in North America in 2021,accumulating at least 128 million trips over the course of the year.In 2022 in Europe,Fluctuo estimates 745,000 scooters and bikes,clocking up 485 million trips(279%more than in North America),making it the largest and most competitive shared mobility market in the world.All shared modesbikes,scooters,mopeds and carsseem unstoppable in Europe.All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023P.7BIKES&SCOOTERS-EUROPE VS NORTH AMERICASource for North America:NABSAEUROPEin 2022745,000VEHICLESNORTH AMERICAin 2021(latest data available)VEHICLES 212,000115,000150,000480,00071,0007,000134,000485 millionTRIPS128 millionTRIPS165 million40 million280 million58 million8 million62 millionFleet size and fluctuations2022AVG:150,000 AVG:480,000AVG:40,000 AVG:115,000 AVG:65,000 0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000FLEET SIZE&SEASONALITY FLUCTUATIONSPART IICOUNTRY SPOTLIGHTS All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023P.9ANALYSIS OF 100 CITIESAT A GLANCEHow were the 100 cities chosen?The primary factors we focused on were population and the number of shared mobility services(and vehicles).Where possible,we tried to overlap as many of our city selections with the EU 100 Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities by 2030.What kind of data has been collected?We collected and processed data on the number of vehicles,the number of trips,and the average end-user pricing in the 100 cities.When we could not source data directly from operators,we used industry averages and data extrapolation.How are the fleet sizes calculated?The fleet sizes in this section of the report are accurate as of December 2022.However,in cities that observe wintering,(when the city is unsuitable for shared mobility trips on bikes and scooters due to extreme temperatures-e.g.Helsinki)the fleet sizes are accurate as of October 2022.To size the European market,we collected and analysed data from 100 cities in 25 countries.P.10 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023 AVG NUMBER OF SERVICES PER CITY IN EUROPEAN MARKETS2022|Countries with more than 3 cities analyzed100CITIES MONITORED751SERVICES82VEHICLES PER 10K INH.P.11AVG NUMBER OF SERVICES PER CITY BY POPULATION SIZE2022|Average number of services displayed in the middle of each pie chartGermanyItalyBelgiumNetherlandsPolandSpainFranceSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayRomaniaAustria510151m INH.19 cities1311)00%0.25m-0.5 INH.26 cities71799%5%5%0.5m-1 INH.29 cities141366$%All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023TOP NEWSFOCUS ONTRIPS3.6MACTIVE CITIES3FRANCEPARIS|December Velib fleet to increase by 20%for the 2024 Olympics MARSEILLE|December City impounds badly-parked shared scooters and bikesPARIS|September Dissatisfied with shared scooter schemes,city officials summon TIER,Lime and Dott for discussionsLYON|September Lyon bans shared scooters for under-18sFRANCE|September Cityscoot carries out a capital increase at a lower valuationBORDEAUX|September The Mtropole chooses six shared bike,scooter and moped operatorsVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesMARSEILLE|June The city bikes to be 100%electric and have a new operator TOULOUSE|February City chooses Yego and Felyx to operate shared mopedsIn 2022,Cityscoot recorded 3.6 million trips across Paris,Nice and Bordeaux,boasting a Net Promoter Score of 28.842CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.12 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023P.13FRANCEScooter operators have work to do to get into the good books of French cities.In late January 2023,The Mayor of Paris,Anne Hidalgo,announced a referendum on April 2nd to decide the future of shared scooters in the capital.At the same time,the City of Marseille gave the three scooter operators an ultimatum to solve the problem of chaotic parking or face prohibition.However,not all hope is lost.Quite the opposite,especially since significant improvements have been made recently:in September 2022,the City of Lyon banned shared scooters for minors.This measure was also quickly adopted by the three Parisian operators Lime,TIER and Dott.But then who uses scooters,how and when?Our analysis suggests that during the summertime,the number of trips decreases.In summer,the distribution of scooters is concentrated around main tourist locations.Throughout the rest of the year,the distribution is more spread out and further away from the centre of Paris,towards residential and business areas.This is one strong indication that shared scooters are primarily being used by citizens to get to their work and home.Moreover,peaks of use are observed at the beginning and end of traditional working hours meaning that scooters are a valuable means of transport and intermodality for active commuters.In addition,the parking areas for scooters are highly saturated on the outskirts of Paris,suggesting that scooters are used extensively by residents of the inner suburbs,as scooters cannot be used beyond the city limits.Therefore,shared scooters boost the use of intermodal transport.ADD BOXES INFOSCOOTERS-TRIP DISTRIBUTION PER HOUR IN PARISSeptember 2022SCOOTERS-FLEET DISTRIBUTION IN PARISAvailable vehicles 0-104104-281281-492492-763763-11170-9090-240240-380380-556556-827AUGUST 2022SEPTEMBER 2022Weekday(%)Weekend(%)2%4%6%82345678910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023TOP NEWSFOCUS ONVEHICLES11,000 CITIES8GERMANYSTUTTGART|December Zeus launches 80 scooters in outskirtsBERLIN|November City to allow scooters and bikes to park for free in car spacesBERLIN|October TIER removes mopeds from streetsBERLIN|February TIER launches 2,000 electric bikesFRANKFURT|August Bolt launches bikesMUNICH|June Avocargo launch cargo bikesCOLOGNE&DUSSELDORF|April Bolt launches bikes in Cologne and DusseldorfVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesHAMBURG|October Operators agree with city to reach 80%electric shared cars in 15 months&TIER launch bikesMUNICH|December City to reserve 600 car parking spaces for shared cars by 2026MILES Mobility had a big year in 2022.After a round of funding in January,they added Tesla Model 3s to their fleet and expanded to the Rhineland cities of Cologne,Dsseldorf,Duisburg and Bonn.With the acquisition of all-electric WeShare in October 2022,MILES Mobility became one of the largest car sharing companies in Europe,with the established SHARE NOW.8115CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.14 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023GERMANYCar-sharing grows from strength to strengthGermany is one of the mostif not the mostadvanced markets for shared cars.In recent months,authorities have made car-sharing more attractive through favourable parking laws.In Munich,by 2035,1,600 parking spaces will be reserved for shared cars;city planners in Berlin are prepared halve the parking fees for free-floating cars companies,so long as they are electric;Hamburg are set to introduce 120 charging points at Frankfurt Airport for shared cars,as well as an additional 600 charging points in the city;and Munich plan to introduce 600 charging points by 2026.Scooter parking has been a challenge nationwide.Across the 100 cities analysed in this report,30%of them can be found in the 8 German cities featured.Whilst demand is proportional to the supply,the issue has been where these vehicles would be parked.The same is true for bikes,to a lesser extent.The solution to clamp down on scooter parking,at least in Berlin,is to allow free-floating vehicles to be parked in empty car parking spaces,and not on the pavement.Only time will tell whether or not this is a viable solution,as it may create new tensions with motorists.So,whats next?We expect trip growth to increase across bikes,scooters and carsbut for fleet sizes to increase just for bikes and for cars.We believe scooter fleets may be plateauing.As for mopeds,the story is unclear.Recently,Emmy acquired felyxs fleet in Germany,after TIER announced that they would be stopping their moped operations.SHARED MOBILITY IN GERMANY2022 VS 2021 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 202360,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,0000P.15FRANKFURT20222021HAMBURG2021 2022MUNICH202220212021BERLIN2022 FOCUS ONTRIPS5.8MACTIVE CITIES16FLORENCE|December 2022 RideMovi launches scooters in FlorenceROME|June 2022 New rules for scooters in Rome and tender announcedPALERMO|May 2022 Voi launches 500 scooters in PalermoROME|March 2022 TIER launches 800 electric bikes in RomeTOP NEWS ITALYTURIN,MILAN&ROME|November 2022 Zig Zag lands in Turin with 1,000 electric bikes and 400 scooters,and Voi launches pilots in Rome and Milan with Drover AI computer vision technologyROME|December 2022 Rome postpones scooter tender results for 3 monthsNAPLES|December 2022 Issues continue with Napolis bike sharing systemTURIN|January 2023 Turin awards 3-year permits to Bird,Dott,Helbiz and SuperpedestrianVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 cities890CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESRidemovis fleet in Italy grew 60%in 2022,spanning 16 cities.Users racked up a total of 5.8 million trips nationwide,with 80-90%of all users rating the service as very good(a score of 4 or 5 out of 5).P.16 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023 For the first time,a survey on shared micromobility accidents in Italy was carried out.Data collected from 2021 by the Italian Shared Mobility Platform shows that shared scooters had an accident rate(2.07 accidents every 100,000 km)slightly higher than shared mopeds(1.72),and much higher than bikes(0.74).When we compare the number of accidents to the number of trips,however,the story is not the same:mopeds recorded 7.77 accidents every 100,000 trips,scooters 5.01,and bikes 1.35.ACCIDENTS ACROSS MODES2021Scooters are getting much saferIn 2022,an analysis was carried out with a group of 5 operators(representing 74%of the Italian market).Both accident rate per kilometre and per trip has significantly fallen.In fact,the number of accidents for every 100,000 km travelled has fallen 80tween 2021 and 2022.Sofia AspertiAnalyst at Fondazione per lo sviluppo sostenibileSCOOTER ACCIDENTS2021 vs 2022|Analysis carried out on group of 5 operators (74%market coverage)Accidents per 100,000 tripsAccidents per 100,000 km2021202202468IN PARTNERSHIP WITH02468Accidents per 100,000 tripsAccidents per 100,000 kmITALYP.17 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023FOCUS ONREGISTERED USERS1mACTIVE CITIES12NETHERLANDSEINDHOVEN|November 2022 Cargoroo launches in cityUTRECHT|February 2022 Hyundais Mocean mobility arrives in the Netherlands with residential car-sharingAMSTERDAM|October 2022 Inside the Bicycles Conquest of AmsterdamAMSTERDAM,ROTTERDAM&THE HAGUE|June 2022 NS travellers can now extend their journeys with shared scooters.GRONINGEN|February 2022 Bird bike growth in Netherlands continues with exclusive Groningen pilotGRONINGEN|September 2022 GO Sharing launches bikes in Groningen and TilburgTOP NEWSFelyx successfully expanded into 5 new cities in 2022,which means they are now present in 12 cities nationwide.They reached two major milestones last year;1 million registered users and 50 million kilometers driven.VEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesUTRECHT|October 2022 NS begins trial of 30 public transport e-bikes atDriebergen-Zeist station761CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.18 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023The Netherlands is known for having the highest number of bicycles per inhabitant in the world,1.3 bikes per capita on average,but the country also has a high number of shared bicycles.Despite the popularity of cycling,the usage of personal bikes has neither cannibalized nor impacted the growth of bike sharing services(24 bike sharing schemes in the 5 largest Dutch cities).The Dutch have long been avid cyclists and have developed one of the best cycling networks in Europe with more than 86%of main roads being equipped cycling infrastructure(more than double the average of the countries featured in this Index).These dedicated bike lanes and paths have made it safer and easier to cycle in cities.Bike sharing services have leveraged this infrastructure-and the Dutch cycling culture-to offer a convenient and sustainable alternative mode of transport.Furthermore,bike sharing services often cater to different users and use cases than personal bikes.Station-based and free-floating bikes can be a more convenient option for occasional riders,one-way trips,spontaneous trips,or tourists.Bike sharing services also have different pricing models which can be more cost-effective for shorter trips.Attracting riders is easier since shared scooters are not legal in the Netherlands.The popularity of personal cycles in the Netherlands does not hinder the usage of bike sharing.Instead of competing,this additional mode of transportation is beneficial for the overall safety of active mobility:according to“safety in numbers”studies,the more walkers and cyclists there are in a population,the lower the risk.RATIO OF CYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE OVER THE MAIN ROAD NETWORK2022|Top 5 countries Europe 42%AVG Ratio of cycling infrastructure over the main road network in the 25 studied countriesSwedenFinlandEstonia Netherlands Denmark086P10015023.4MBicycles in the Netherlandsi.e.1.3 bicycles per inhabitant86e83%NETHERLANDSP.19 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023TOP NEWSNORWAYBERGEN|May Voi,Ryde and Bolt have win shared scooter tenderOSLO|November Bolt scooters integrated with Oslos Ruter public transport systemOSLO|March Bolt starts computer vision trial in OsloTRONDHEIM|March Voi wins Trondheim tenderNORWAY|June Government establishes that anyone old enough to have a driving licence would face the same drink-driving laws when using an scooter as they would if they were driving a carOSLO|April Bolt,Voi,and TIER have been awarded the licence to operate scootersVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesNORWAY|April New rules for shared scooter riders,such as minimum 12 years of age,and scooter must be insuredFOCUS ONTRIPS NATIONWIDE6.6mUNADJUSTED EBIT(2021)14%Ryde is a leading Norwegian micromobility operator and has been profitable(audited unadjusted EBIT)since its inception 2019.Ryde is currently present in 14 markets,5 of which are in Norway,where customers took 6.6 million trips across the year.These numbers will surely rise,as the company won the tender to operate in Oslo in 2023.526CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.20 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023 Norway is one of Europes most mature shared scooter markets.Scooters are incredibly popular and make up 76%of all shared mobility vehicles(across 5 monitored cities).There were speed bumps this year,the biggest one being new legislation regarding insurance.In August,almost overnight,shared scooter operators had to invest in liability insurance,for fear of their fleets being removed from streets.To resolve the issue,at the time,there was only one company that offered this kind of insurance,meaning that the insurer held all the cards.For many operations companies,margins are everythingand operators couldnt continue to operate in a financially stable way without passing this cost onto users.Prices therefore rose by around 20%when this law came into effect.When it comes to cycling,it seems like free-floating bikes dont attract the same demand as in other European countries.In the 5 cities monitored for this report,shared scooters outnumber free-floating bikes 34 to 1.Despite having some of the best cycling infrastructure in Europe,and some of the most popular public bike-sharing schemes,free-floating bikes are yet to take off in Norway.Perhaps this is down to cost:for instance,a user can get a season pass to the station-based Oslo Bysykkel for just 50.NORWAYMODAL BREAKDOWN IN NORWAY2022|Data from 5 cities14%2%2%1%1%P.21 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023FOCUS ONINCREASE IN RIDERSHIP VS 202195TIVE CITIES12POLANDWARSAW,KRAKOW,BYDGOSZCZ&OLSZTYN|June 2022 Bolt launches 800 electric bikes across 4 citiesTOP NEWSVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesPOZNAN|July 2022 Public bike-sharing scheme temporarily suspended in 2023 due to budget constraintsWROCLAW|December 2022 Public bike-sharing scheme announces its best season in its 11-year historyVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesPOLAND|April 2022 GZM Metropolis opens tender for bike sharing scheme,which will be one of the largest systems in Europe(8,000 bikes,900 stations)POLAND|June 2022 Council of Ministers adopts the draft of the National Urban Policy 2030,which indicates the need to legally define shared mobilityWARSAW|October 2022 City introduces“Green Vision”plan to foster the development of shared mobility (micromobility,car-sharing,mobility hubs&MaaS)KRAKOW|November 2022 City Council adopts new scooter parking regulationsDotts fleet in Poland reached 11,500 in the peak of 2022.They are the first operator nationwide to use electric cargo bikes to perform battery swaps in daily operations.Their crowning achievement was in Pozna(launched in Sept.2021),which saw 2.3 times more trips in Q4 of 2022 compared to Q4 2021.648CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.22 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023SHARED MOBILITY IN POLAND2022|All cities in Poland CITIESVEHICLES9415,90016062,30011435205,500When comparing the peaks of 2021 and 2022,the Polish shared mobility market grew by almost 69%in terms of nationwide available vehicles.Bike sharing grew by almost 10%year-on-year with 15,900 bikes available on average in some 94 cities,which constituted over 19%of the domestic shared mobility market.This can be perceived as quite a rebound,as municipal bike sharing schemes were significantly affected by the pandemic.The challenge today is the business model.Schemes are almost completely financed by municipalities;services have become more expensive to run,causing pauses and closures(e.g.Poznan,who have decided to temporarily suspend the service in 2023).The shared scooters account for 74%of the national shared mobility landscape,with 62,300 scooters available on average in 160 cities.With the growth in trips,Polish cities also increasingly decided to regulate the cooperation with operators locally,most often with vehicle parking and public safety.Shared moped fleets actually decreased in size in Poland in 2022.Available vehicles fell by 47%,leaving just 435 mopeds in 11 cities.However,mopeds are gaining popularity for use in the booming last-mile food and grocery delivery markets.Shared car fleets grew by over 22%to a total of 5,500 vehicles,accounting for close to 7%of the entire shared mobility market.The three most important observations were further consolidation of the market(95%is shared between the two largest operators),emphasis on the largest cities,and the development of new pricing structures and new use cases,e.g.intercity traveling.Looking into 2023,there are at least two key initiatives worth mentioning with regards to the regulatory side of the shared mobility market in Poland.The National Urban Policy 2030 states that“shared mobility and the concept of MaaS should be considered in a multimodal transport system as support for sustainable mobility”.The second is the industrys New Mobility Development Strategy,which is proposing a set of 17 recommendations for fostering new mobility in Poland.IN PARTNERSHIP WITHAdam Jdrzejewski CEO at Mobilne MiastoPOLANDP.23 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023FOCUS ONYoY FLEET GROWTH17%TRIPS3.2mTOP NEWSSPAINVALENCIA|March Universitat Politcnica de Valncia(UPV)develops road sensor for micromobility vehiclesBARCELONA|September Mouvait partners with RCD Espanyol football clubMADRID|September Superpedestrian integrates with Google MapsMADRID|September City becomes home to Spains most powerful urban charging stationVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesCooltra are our pick for Spain.Cooltra are available in 3 markets in Spain with an additional 4 overseas.Users clocked up 3.2 million trips on Cooltra mopeds in Spain alone,maintaining an app rating of 4.6/5.In 2022,the Spanish operator grew its fleet by 17%and raised 25m.MADRID|October City reduces authorised scooter fleets by 40RCELONA|October Tender for 2,300 bikes in the Barcelona region won by nextbike by TIERZARAGOZA|September Shared mobility in Zaragoza free on September 21st during European Mobility WeekMALAGA|December City gives temporary authorization to six companies:Lime,Bird,Link,Dott,Bolt and TIER890CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.24 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023SPAINSpain upgrade bike systems nationwideMadrid is home to the first,large-scale 100%electric public bike scheme.Launched in 2014,BiciMAD regularly reached 400,000 trips per month in 2022 with around 2,500 bikes.Nearly ten years after its launch,it was time for an upgrade.Madrid selected Serveo&PBSC for the renewal of the BiciMAD system in July 2022,with 7,500 electric bikes across 611 stations(from March 2023).To complement this new system,6 companies have been selected to operate 2,600 free-floating bikes,and the mobility landscape revamp will soon be complete,following the shared scooter tender,won by Dott,Lime,and TIER.The absence of shared scooters in Catalonia has allowed bikes to flourish.Barcelonas Bicing system recorded more trips per vehicle over the course of 2022 than Velib in Paris,which is no mean feat.Authorities in Barcelona believe that bikes can play a much bigger part in the region,and a tender to operate a complementary bike service was won by nextbike by TIER in November 2022.2,600 electric bikes are set to be launched by April 2023 in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area.With Reby-affiliated services disappearing from the city,there is also an opportunity for other active operators to fill the market share,but will likely mean a decline in vehicles from 2022 levels.Elsewhere,Gijn will launch a bike service(in partnership with Inurba and Fifteen)four times larger than the one currently in place.TIER won the tender in Bilbao to operate the BizkaiBizi scheme with 650 electric bikes.Malaga is struggling to select a single operator of bikes and scooters for their tender and has temporarily extended 6 scooter permits.Zaragoza,on the other hand,are planning to take shared mobility services into their own hands:after the exit of Reby,there are calls to create a municipal company that will take on the management of shared mobility vehicles across all modes(bikes,scooters,mopeds&cars).VEHICLES&SERVICES IN SPAIN2022&202325,00020,00015,00010,0005,000BARCELONA 2022BARCELONA 2023MADRID 2022MADRID 2023Services23 1033613761636P.25 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023SWEDENTOP NEWSFOCUS ONNEW CITIES4TRIPS1.5mHELSINGBORG|Month Ridemovi launch electric bikes in Helsingborg&Lund STOCKHOLM|October City trials SparkPark parking solution for Stockholm eBikesGOTHENBURG|October Voi teams up with Autoliv to better understand why accidents occurSTOCKHOLM|March Dott launches scootersSTOCKHOLM|August Electric scooter revolution faces a reckoningGOTHENBURG|September Gothenburg choses to waive the scooter parking restrictions until 1st April 2023VEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesQick grew from 5 cities in 2021 to 9 in 2022,without venture capital.Users clocked up an impressive 1.5m rides across all cities-in a country where extreme weather makes the on season shorter than in other countries.Qick were proud to share that they run 100%fossil fuel-free operations in all but one of their cities.631CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.26 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023SWEDENRiding throughout the year is a mindsetWhile winters are tough in Sweden,shared schemes(bikes and scooters)continue to attract riders(more than 230,000 trips per month during winter in Stockholm, 150,000 in Malmo and 100,000 in Gothenburg).While cycling in temperatures that can plummet well below 0C might seem extreme,Nordic countries climate might be considered as better than slush,mud,and rain.Contrary to what one might think,compressed snow is not slippery,hence why studded tyres are not always necessary.In general,no special gear is needed when cycling through the wintery Nordic landscape.Nonetheless,in winter times,cities in Sweden need to ensure that the dedicated bike lanes are cleared of snow and ice,to make it easier and safer for cyclists to ride.Many sharing schemes in Sweden have also developed partnerships with municipalities to ensure that bikes are cleared of snow and properly maintained during the winter months.The success of sharing schemes in Sweden during winter demonstrates that with the right infrastructure,equipment,and cultural support,using a bike or a scooter can be a viable mode of transportation even in cold and snowy conditions.SCOOTERS&BIKES-MONTHLY TRIPS 2022|In thousandsSTOCKHOLMMALMOGOTHENBURG2505007501,000100200300400100200300400JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDP.27 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023TOP NEWSUNITED KINGDOMBRISTOL|December Voi zone expansionLONDON|December Serco sign contract extension with TfL to operate Santander Cycles in London(UK)for 3 more years.SOUTHAMPTON|October Beryl launches 200 bikes&235 electric bikesannual lossesLIVERPOOL|November New electric bike scheme by Voi launchedMANCHESTER|October Passenger MaaS app extends micromobility integration to Bee Network bikesVEHICLES PER 10K INHABITANTSDecember 2022-data from 8 citiesLONDON|October Transport for London announces extention of scooter trials until May 2024 and a new scooter tender based on stricter criteria.LIVERPOOL|July Liverpool City Bike scheme to be replaced by Voi amid 300k annual lossesLONDON|July TIER launches 500 electric bikes in EalingFOCUS ONJOB SUPPORTED1,400ACTIVE CITIES14In the UK,2 out of every 3 scooter trips take place on an orange scooter.Their schemes contributed 53 million to the economy in 2022,helping to support 1,400 jobs.627CITIES MONITOREDSERVICESP.28 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023UNITED KINGDOMWhen will the UK legislate scooters?On the 8th of February 2023,Voi called for scooter legislation from the UK government.Voi users registered 21.5 million rides over two-and-a-half years.So the question remains:why is the future of shared scooters in the UK uncertain?Since the trial launched in Bristol in October 2020,the top city for Voi users,nearly 7 million trips have been made,travelling over 11 million miles and replacing an estimated 3 million independent car journeys.Record ridership figures were seen during the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham,with riders making more than 66,000 journeys on its scooters between 28 July and 8 August 2022replacing an estimated 26,000 car rides.2022 in London saw more than 1.5 million rides from operators TIER,Lime,and Dott,with an average trip distance of 2.5 km;thats 3.75 million km of trips made in one city alone.The Department for Transport welcomes the conclusion that shared scooters can serve as a valuable mode of transport.The UK gives no indication of forming plans for scooter incorporation after the trials end in May 2024,at which point the trials will have been ongoing for nearly 4 years.Its not just the operators that are calling for action.Milton Keynes and Liverpool are also demanding a clear date for legislation,arguing that there isnt much left to learn from the trials,and that their safety has been proven.This remains the primary concern.The UK and Ireland remain one of the few countries that are yet to legislate shared scooters,and the mobility world awaits their terms.SCOOTERS-TRIPS PER MONTH IN LONDON2022200JFMAMJJASOND150100500P.29 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023PART IIIRIDERSHIP&MODAL BREAKDOWNP.30 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023TOP 5 TRIPS PER VEHICLE2022P.31FOCUS ONBIKESThe growth of shared bike services persisted in 2022.Operators and device manufacturers keep pushing to bring bikes with improved comfort,safety attributes and enhanced sustainability elements.Station-based bikes continued to outperform all shared micromobility services in ridership.Their performances were particularly noticeable in major cities such as Paris with Vlib,Barcelona with Bicing and London with Santander Cycles.Whilst the number of station-based bikes kept more or less steady,free-floating bikes continued growing.In a year,fleets grew by over 118%on the streets of European cities.Bike operators have tried to take advantage of some cities preferences for shared bikes over scooters.They viewed this situation as an opportunity to develop their business and enhance their relationships with municipalities.Simultaneously,the latter have been thinking of ways to alleviate the inflation pressure on citizens caused by energy shortages.For instance,the City Council of Lisbon has decided to make the municipal bicycle-sharing network,GIRA,free of charge for residents.Similar initiatives could be seen in European cities in the coming months.TOP 5 TRIPS PER CAPITA20221stPARIS2ndBARCELONA3rdANTWERP4thMILAN5thLONDON1stBARCELONA2ndPARIS3rdBUDAPEST4thLISBON5thDUBLIN20222021JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec50100150200YEAR-ON-YEAR RIDERSHIPBase 100|2021 Average All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023 34%GROWTH2022 vs 2021FOCUS ONSCOOTERSShared scooters had an amazing year.They had a strong momentum during summer when the warm and sunny conditions are the best for riders.Fleets nearly reached 600,000 vehicles,making them by far the most available shared mode.Except for the few markets in which they are banned,they encountered success everywhere in Europe.Regardless of culture or geography,shared scooters are almost equally as successful in Northern as in Southern Europe.Their continuous growth in trips is also due to technological advancement.In trying to build safer,more convenient,and sustainable scooters,shared mobility providers are gearing up with bigger front wheels,displays to give feedback about city zone restrictions,and more precise advanced driver-assistance systems.Yet,in this flourishing market,major players such as Bird had to pull out of significant markets.In October,the American company announced it would exit Germany,Sweden,and Norway.Therefore,the competition continues between international companies such as Lime,TIER and Bolt and regional players Qick,Pony,and Poppy.In 2023,will the market continue to consolidate,and how will the front-runner manage to cement their leadership positions?YEAR-ON-YEAR RIDERSHIPBase 100|2021 AverageP.321stOSLO2ndANTWERP3rdBORDEAUX4thPARIS5thSTOCKHOLM1stLISBON2ndOSLO3rdBRUSSELS4thFRANKFURT5thSTOCKHOLMTOP 5 TRIPS PER VEHICLE2022TOP 5TRIPS PER CAPITA202220212022 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec50100150200250 46%GROWTH2022 vs 2021FOCUS ONYEAR-ON-YEAR RIDERSHIPBase 100|2021 AverageP.331stAMSTERDAM2ndBORDEAUX3rdROTTERDAM4thBARCELONA5thSEVILLE1stBARCELONA2ndROTTERDAM3rdSEVILLE4thMILAN5thAMSTERDAMTOP 5 TRIPS PER VEHICLE2022TOP 5TRIPS PER CAPITA2022 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023MOPEDSThe usual suspects are back Amsterdam,Barcelona,and Rotterdam once again get on the podiums.Spain and the Netherlands maintain prominent positions in the European market.This is because mopeds continue to operate in a scooter-free environment due to regulations banning them from circulating the streets.In 2022,the Netherlands saw the largest increase in shared moped fleet size.Up until the end of the year,users could benefit from advantageous regulations allowing them to ride in cycling lanes.We are curious to see how the usage will evolve since the new law was put in place in January 2023,prohibiting mopeds from using bike lanes.Meanwhile,in Paris,stakeholders are awaiting the final decision of the local moped sharing tender results with great anticipation.Simultaneously,Barcelona started to lay the foundation for an updated moped-sharing governance framework.JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec50100150200 26%GROWTH2022 vs 2021YEAR-ON-YEAR RIDERSHIPBase 100|2021 AverageP.34FOCUS ONCARS1stVIENNA2ndTURIN3rdRIGA4thBUDAPEST5thHAMBURGJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec501001501stCOPENHAGEN2ndBERLIN3rdMILAN4thHAMBURG5thMUNICHTOP 5 TRIPS PER VEHICLE2022TOP 5TRIPS PER CAPITA2022202120222022Having analysed the top cities for trips per capita,its clear that German citizens love for car-sharing is going strong.With solid links to the German automotive industry,car-sharing operators continue to be pioneers in electric mobility.About a quarter of car-sharing vehicles are electrically powered;by contrast,this is much more than privately owned cars.Car-sharing can promote the use of electric vehicles and increase familiarity with the technology,leading to a greater demand for EVs in the future.As more car-sharing providers adopt electric vehicles,the overall carbon footprint of the transportation sector can be reduced,contributing to efforts to combat climate change.The best-performing cities in terms of ridership are relatively spread out in Europe.This should not come so much as a surprise,since every local context is unique and car sharing schemes successes seem to be very dependent on the mobility patterns of the cities and their socioeconomic conditions.All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023 26%GROWTH2022 vs 2021METHODOLOGYThis European Shared Mobility Index-Annual Review gives an overview of the entire European market,as well as an analysis on 100 European cities selected to highlight diversity in size,geography and market characteristics.The Index encompasses shared bikes,scooters,mopeds and cars.Ride-hailing services(e.g.Uber,FreeNow),car-pooling(e.g.Klaxit,BlaBlaCar)and long-term rental services(e.g.Swapfiets)are not included.As regards to car sharing,only rentals by the minute,hour or day are included.Multi-day rentals are not included.Vehicle and trip data was sourced directly from operators,open data sources,mobile applications and public announcements.Industry averages and some data extrapolation were used to fill remaining data gaps.Companies who contributed financially to this report have not received any favourable treatment.Please contact for more.P.36 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023ABOUTFLUCTUOShared mobility is essential for building cleaner,more livable cities.Fluctuo is the leader in mobility enablement.We provide key stakeholders with the most exhaustive,accurate data on the market to accelerate the growth of shared mobility.Fluctuos API displays real-time vehicle information on 250 services in 700 cities,and allows users to book them through 3rd party apps.Attract users for your MaaS app.Get more rides for your service.Attract shopping centre visitors what scooters are available in the area.Power the micromobility revolution.Everyone always talks about how important data-driven decisions are.Well,trying to make data-driven decisions without all the facts is like trying to do a jigsaw puzzle with all the edge pieces missing.City Dive allows users to make decisions based on the big picture.Our team of mobility experts combine innovative data-collection methods with sophisticated algorithms to produce the most exhaustive and precise data on the market.Every day,we analyse 250 services in 180 cities,giving operators the means to improve the performance of their operations,and cities the opportunity to benchmark their mobility ecosystems against others.Dive into shared mobility Qu MaaS?P.37 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023Dive inTHANKS TOARVAL(Amlie Phelipp&Simon Coppenolle)Bafang(Winnie Luo)Drover AI(Alex Nesic)INVERS(Michael Blecke&Julius Walczynski)SHARE NOW(Patrick Dillenberger)Wunder Mobility(Arne Lumme&Rosa Cruz)POLIS(Karen Vancluysen&Pedro Homem de Gou-veia)Mobilne Miasto(Adam Jdrzejewski)SUSDEF(Sofia Asperti)Acciona,Bird,BIT Mobility,Bolt,Cityscoot,Cooltra,Donkey Republic,Dott,Enterprise Car Club,Felyx,GreenGo,Lime,MEC Sharing,MILES,Ridemovi,Ryde,Superpedestrian,TIER,Voi Created by Fluctuo Harry Maxwell-Project LeadAnatole Reboul-Analysis Constantin Krieg -DesignP.38 All rights reserved-Fluctuo 2023

2023-04-21 38页 5星级

社会服务行业：疫后出行持续修复优选主线和标的-230414（16页）.pdf

敬请参阅报告结尾处的免责声明 东方财智 兴盛之源 行业研究 东兴证券股份有限公司证券研究报告 社会服务行业社会服务行业：疫后出行持续修复，优选疫后出行持续修复，优选主线和标的主线和标的 2023 年.

2023-04-17 16页 5星级

中国航协：2023年春节假期文旅出行消费特点报告（10页）.pdf

1内部资料注意保存航航协协资资讯讯2023 年第 11 期（总第 226 期）中国航空运输协会2023 年 2 月 6 日春节假期文旅出行消费特点概要概要：一、一、春节假春节假期期的服务消费明显的服务.

2023-04-13 10页 5星级

IBM：低碳出行引领可持续发展：汽车电动化转型驶入“加速道”（35页）.pdf

低碳出行引领 可持续发展汽车电动化转型驶入“加速道”IBM 商业价值研究院|研究洞察2 要将可持续发展目标落实到行动，您的组织需要量身定制战略和解决方案。组织需要充分利用数据来做出明智的决策，并打通战.

2023-04-12 35页 5星级

交通运输行业深度报告：会展旺季将至旅游出行蓄势弱复苏下航空出行为何能超预期？-230409（21页）.pdf

有关分析师的申明，见本报告最后部分。其他重要信息披露见分析师申明之后部分，或请与您的投资代表联系。并请阅读本证券研究报告最后一页的免责申明。交通运输行业 行业研究|深度报告 宏观弱复苏，航空公商务出.

2023-04-11 21页 5星级

灼识咨询&耀出行：2023豪华礼宾出行服务行业白皮书（28页）.pdf

|豪华礼宾出行服务行业白皮书豪华礼宾出行服务行业白皮书2目录目录中国高净值及超高净值人群分析中国高净值及超高净值人群分析 耀出行市场定位与核心价值分析耀出行市场定位与核心价值分析 134豪华礼宾出行服.

2023-03-29 28页 5星级

电通中国：双11出行指南（2022）（18页）.pdf

电通双11出行指南简介全局概览今年，受到疫情影响，大家被压抑了这么久，双11终于还是如期而来。品牌们对这届双11有什么期待呢？电通国际做了一份田野小调查，由我们的分析与电商专家组成的团队，形成了这篇内.

2023-03-25 18页 5星级

物流和出行服务行业从数据看出行链重构繁荣专题：雨霁初晴彩虹来出行链重构繁荣可期-230317（18页）.pdf

证券研究报告证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文之后第请务必阅读正文之后第 17 页起的免责条款和声明页起的免责条款和声明 雨霁初晴彩虹来，出行链重构繁荣可期雨霁初晴彩虹来，出行链重构繁荣可期 物流和出行服.

2023-03-20 18页 5星级

物流和出行服务行业汽车出海专题之交运物流篇：乘势出海韧性延续-230301（20页）.pdf

证券研究报告证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文之后第请务必阅读正文之后第 19 页起的免责条款和声明页起的免责条款和声明 乘乘势势出海出海，韧性韧性延续延续 汽车出海专题之交运物流篇2023.3.1 中信.

2023-03-02 20页 5星级

社会服务行业酒店及OTA专题报告：商旅先行出行修复势头超预期-230212（13页）.pdf

证券研究报告证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文之后第请务必阅读正文之后第 12 页页起起的免责条款和声明的免责条款和声明 商旅先行，出行修复商旅先行，出行修复势头超预期势头超预期 社会服务行业酒店及 OT.

2023-02-13 13页 5星级

麦肯锡：元宇宙：驱动移动出行领域的未来发展（英文版）（9页）.pdf

Automotive&Assembly PracticeThe metaverse:Driving value in the mobility sectorAlthough a fully immer.

2023-02-10 9页 5星级

交通运输行业深度研究：公路铁路出行复苏展望与海外观察-230207（30页）.pdf

免责声明和披露以及分析师声明是报告的一部分，请务必一起阅读。1 证券研究报告 交通运输交通运输 公路铁路公路铁路：出行：出行复苏展望与海外观察复苏展望与海外观察 华泰研究华泰研究 交通运输交通运输 .

2023-02-08 30页 5星级

Dealroom：2023年欧洲移动出行初创企业及风投现状分析报告（英文版）（30页）.pdf

The State of EuropeanMobility 2021State of European MobilityStartups 2021 Template onlyState of Euro.

2023-02-03 30页 5星级

物流和出行服务行业油运行业研究笔记系列之二：从淡季数据看2023年油运景气-230131（15页）.pdf

证券研究报告证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文之后第请务必阅读正文之后第 14 页起的免责条款和声明页起的免责条款和声明 从淡季数据看从淡季数据看 2023 年年油运景气油运景气 物流和出行服务行业油运行.

2023-02-02 15页 5星级

物流和出行服务行业春运出行链专题：春运需求或为试金石暑期业绩弹性蓄势待发-230130（15页）.pdf

证券研究报告证券研究报告 请务必阅读正文之后第请务必阅读正文之后第 14 页起的免责条款和声明页起的免责条款和声明 春运需求或为试金石，暑期业绩弹性蓄势待发春运需求或为试金石，暑期业绩弹性蓄势待发 .

2023-02-01 15页 5星级

社会服务行业专题研究报告：春节旅游恢复小超预期重点关注节后出行链三大机会-230129（17页）.pdf

!#$%&()*+,!国金证券研究所 分析师：苏晨（执业 S1130522010001） 联系人：叶思嘉 春节旅游恢复小超预期，重点关注节后出行链三大机会?#$%&#$%&#$()*+#$()*+,.

2023-01-31 17页 5星级

交通运输行业出行链专题报告之二韩国篇：亚太恢复的怎么样了？-230127（50页）.pdf

2023年01月27日出行链专题报告之二 韩国篇行业评级：看好分析师李丹邮箱证书编号S1230520040003亚太恢复的怎么样了？分析师徐晴邮箱证书编号S1230521010001证券研究报告添加标.

2023-01-31 50页 5星级

埃尔坡AIRPO：美国铁路与航空出行之战 ——以纽约地区为例（2022）（16页）.pdf

2022报告 埃尔坡研究 2022 The Reports AIRPO Research JUSTIFIED TRUE BELIEFAIRPORESEARCH埃尔坡 机场商业评论全局视角|机场实践行业.

2023-01-29 16页 5星级

百度地图：2023年春节假期出行预测报告（28页）.pdf

2023声 明2023年春节假期出预测报告由百度地图联合交通运输部公路科学研究院、公安部交通管理科学研究所、综合交通运输数据处理及应技术交通运输业研发中（中路科集团）、蜂窝、百度百科撰写及发布，本报告.

2023-01-17 28页 5星级