电场和电场线的区别与联系？一文讲清

Electric field and electric field line are commonly analyzed in electric field analysis. It is helpful for people to analyze and understand the electric field and the direction of field lines and the place of the flow of electric field. The following is a detailed analysis of the differences and connections between them from different aspects.



一、定义

1. Definition

电场：电场是指物体因放置在空间任意两点或一物体充电分布上而由它而产生的一种能量，包含了电场的大小和方向及其变化规律，测定物体处某点的电场情况的一个定量的量。

Electric field: Electric field refers to a kind of energy generated by the placement of objects at any two points or a charged distribution in space, which includes the size, direction and variation law of the electric field. It is a quantitative amount to measure the electric field situation at a certain point of the object.

电场线：电场是由电场线形成，它是一条条无限长的电场线，它是一种可视化的方法，用来可视化表示电场的大小和方向。

Electric field line: Electric field is formed by electric field lines. It is an infinitely long electric field line. It is a visualized method to visualize the size and direction of the electric field.

二、性质

2. Nature

电场：电场不是实实在在的物体，它不能被直接观测到，它是一种物理场，是一种由物体外部改变而引起的自由空间现象。

Electric field: Electric field is not a real solid object. It can not be directly observed. It is a physical field and a free space phenomenon caused by changes in the objects outside.

电场线：电场线也是一种无形的，不存在实体，它们只能通过电场的分布形状来反映电场的状态，但是可以通过模拟电路来模拟电场线的分布状态，以实现电场的可视化分析。

Electric field line: Electric field line is also invisible and does not exist. They can only reflect the state of electric field through the distribution shape of electric field, but can simulate the distribution state of electric field line through analog circuit, so as to achieve the visualization analysis of electric field.

三、关系

3. Relationship

1）电场的大小和方向及其变化规律决定了电场线的形状。电场线就是电场，是电场的表现形式。电场线贯穿着电场，可以清楚地表示出电场的实际状况。

1) The size, direction and variation law of electric field determine the shape of electric field line. Electric field line is electric field, which is the form of expression of electric field. Electric field line runs through electric field, which can clearly show the actual situation of electric field.

2）电场指的是一种物理场，而电场线则是用来可视化电场的大小和方向，利用电场线更容易理解电场的分布规律和方向，所有电场线围绕着电场来进行演示。

2) Electric field refers to a physical field, while electric field lines are used to visualize the size and direction of electric field. It is easier to understand the distribution law and direction of electric field by using electric field lines. All electric field lines are around the electric field for demonstration.

四、应用

4. Application

电场：电场的应用非常广泛，它主要用于电磁学中关于电场的导论，理论演绎，增加我们对电场的了解，理论上有关电磁场、电荷分布、电势能量和电荷高度等理论的应用等等。

Electric field: The application of electric field is very extensive. It is mainly used for the introduction, theoretical deduction and increase of our understanding of electric field in electromagnetics. Theoretically, it is used for the application of theories about electromagnetic field, charge distribution, electric potential energy and charge height, etc.

电场线：电场线的应用也很广泛，它主要是应用于电磁学里的电场线演示，用来解决复杂的电场分布情况，用来画出各种电场分布形状，实现电场的可视化分析。

Electric field line: The application of electric field line is also very extensive. It is mainly used for the demonstration of electric field line in electromagnetics. It is used to solve the complex electric field distribution, to draw various electric field distributions and to realize the visualization analysis of electric field.

总之，电场和电场线是泛电磁学中的重要研究内容，它们的不同在于：电场是指物质重新排列后出现的一种能量，只有通过电场线可视化分析才能有效地感受到电场的变化。它们的联系在于，电场是一种物理场，电场线是用来可视化电场的大小和方向，电场的大小和方向及其变化规律决定了电场线的形状，电场线贯穿着电场，可以清楚