1、EricssonMicrowave OutlookOctober Microwave Outlook|October 20252Executive summaryContents02 Executive summary03 Backhaul media for 5G and beyond05 The new frontier:AI-based backhaul management08 Latest global developments in microwave spectrum10 Exploring ways to double mmWave capacityKey contributo

2、rsExecutive Editor:Git Sellin Articles:Alexander BondefalkHalla HasheeshJonas BjergerJonas EdstamJonas HansrydJutta KemppainenMagnus BergmanMagnus NilssonMikael ColdreyMikael hbergMaria MacRitchieRbert LaczkTobias Frjdlund Special thanks for O2 Telefnica Germanys contributionsThe global backhaul lan

3、dscape is projected to achieve a near-equal split 49 percent microwave and 51 percent fiber by 2030.Advanced economies,such as the US,show signs of breaking a long-running trend of increased fiberization.In these regions,fiber is already deployed to easily fiberized backhaul sites,leading to renewed

4、 interest in modern,high-capacity microwave.This can also be seen when looking at live 5G networks around the globe,where microwave backhaul is used in 75 percent of these networks.Microwave backhaul is continuing its steady expansion,with the installed base of transceivers rising from 10 million in

5、 2022 to approximately 10.5 million currently.Notably,the E-bands share of deployments has increased from 6 to 8 percent,surpassing the longstanding 38 GHz band,largely due to new rollouts in India.Looking ahead,the W-and D-bands will become increasingly important,offering abundant spectrum and tech

6、nical characteristics akin to the E-band.Our studies indicate that W-band supports 90 percent of E-band hop lengths,while D-band achieves 60 percent.In modern 5G networks,reliability hinges on a unified management approach between the Radio Access Network(RAN)and transport layers.O2 Telefnica German