1、EMERGINGSUSTAINABLETECHNOLOGIESEDITION 2025EMERGINGSUSTAINABLETECHNOLOGIESEDITION 2025EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIESEdition 2025KEY AUTHORS:Elodie du Fornel,Jan Mertens,Jean-Pierre Keustermans,Cline Denis,Olivier Sala.CO-AUTHORS:Ludovic Ferrand,Jim Gripekoven,Ngoc Han Huynh Thi,Marine Juge,Tho Al

2、erte,Laurent Baraton,Angelo Rodriguez Garcia,Sarah Salam,Koenraad Van Reusel,Maria Rosanne,Enrico Biagini,Mihir Sarkar,Nicolas Meynet,Guy-Alexandre Grandin,Dmitriy Slutskiy,Bertrand Haut,Benjamin Charles,Mohammed Benslimane,Jules Pommies,Fabrice Boudaud,Lynda Temal,Allison Farnan,Fatmagl zgl,Jean Sa

3、nchez,Camille Rivire,Coline Bouzique,Benjamin Metayer&Mary Hanhoun.Graphic design,iconographic research and design of diagrams and illustrations:Agence Gaya(gayacom.fr-studiogayacom.fr)Cover photo:AdobestockDefossilisation of industry:We wont be able to blame technology!Of the nearly 50 gigatons of

4、greenhouse gases emitted annually by human activi-ties,almost one-third(around 15 Gt CO2eq)is related to energy use in industrial processes(12 Gt CO2eq)and process emissions in industry(3Gt CO2eq)1.In the International Energy Agencys(IEA)Net Zero Emission Scenario(NZE),a signifi-cant reduction of th

5、ese industrial emissions occurs later than the large emission reductions predicted in the transport or building sectors.There are two main reasons why industrial emissions are challenging to reduce:(i)Many industrial processes require high-temperature heat,and the electrification of such heat is not

6、 yet mature.Therefore,in many cases,molecules are still used as the primary ener-gy source.(ii)In some instances,these molecules serve not only as an energy source but also as feedstock(e.g.in the chemical industry)or as a reducing agent(e.g.in the steel industry to reduce iron oxide to iron).New te