1、WEATHER CLIMATE WATERState of the Climate in Africa2024WMO-No.1370WMO-No.1370BWMO-No.1370 World Meteorological Organization,2025The right of publication in print,electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO.Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without author

2、ization,provided that the complete source is clearly indicated.Editorial correspondence and requests to publish,reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to:Chair,Publications BoardWorld Meteorological Organization(WMO)7 bis,avenue de la Paix Tel.:+41(0)22 730 8

3、4 03P.O.Box 2300 Email:publicationswmo.intCH-1211 Geneva 2,Switzerland ISBN 978-92-63-11370-2Cover:Tropical Cyclone Chido on 12 December 2024 Credit:VIIRS image from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)NOAA-21 SatelliteNoteThe designations employed in WMO publications and the pr

4、esentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area,or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The mention of specific companies

5、or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised.The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the authors alone and do not necessaril

6、y reflect those of WMO or its Members.iContentsContents.iKey messages.iiGlobal climate context.1Regional climate.2Temperature.2Long-term temperature anomalies in Africa.2Temperature in the African subregions.3Precipitation.5Oceans.6Sea-surface temperature.6Sea level.7Extreme events.8Spatial patterns