1、DISEASEWORLD HEART REPORT 2025OBESITY&CARDIOVASCULARAUTHORS Francisco Lopez-Jimenez*,Mariachiara Di Cesare*,Jaynaide Powis,Shreya Shrikhande,Elisa Codato,Bin Zhou,Honor Bixby,Marvellous Adeoye,Natalie Evans,Kyla Lara-Breitinger,Mariana Arellano Rodriguez,Lisa Hadeed,Simon Barquera,Sean Taylor,Pablo

2、Perel,Daniel Pieiro,Jagat Narula,Fausto PintoREVIEWERSRick Chazal,Carl Lavie,David Lloyd,Amam Mbakwem,George Mensah,Bente Mikkelsen,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Greg RothEDITOREdward FoxThe World Heart Report on Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease is the third in the World Heart Federations(WHF)flagship seri

3、es.WHF is grateful for the substantive contributions of the World Obesity Federation(WOF)andthe University of Essex-Institute of Public Health andWell-Being(contributor to all three reports).We alsogratefully acknowledge the support of Eli Lilly and Pfizer that made this World Heart Report possible.

4、The content of the World Heart Report 2025 on Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease is the sole remit of the WHF.CONTENTSAUTHORS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS OBESITY AND CVD CITY-LEVEL APPROACHES NUTRITION AND FOOD-RELATED INTERVENTIONS BEHAVIOURAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERVEN

5、TIONS POLICY INTEGRATION AND CROSS-SECTOR COLLABORATION INTERVENTIONS HEALTH SYSTEM INTERVENTIONS GLOBAL INITIATIVES TO ADDRESS OBESITY AND CVD 1.GLOBAL ACTION PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2.ACCELERATION PLAN TO STOP OBESITY 3.THE GLOBAL STRATEGY ON DIET,PHYSICAL A

6、CTIVITY AND HEALTH 4.THE WHO GLOBAL ACTION PLAN ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 5.UNITED NATIONS DECADE OF ACTION ON NUTRITION 6.WHO TECHNICAL PACKAGE TO STOP OBESITYKEY RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCESEXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION OVERWEIGHT,OBESITY AND CVDs GLOBAL LEVELS AND TRENDS OF OBESITY GLOBAL CVD MORTALITY