1、UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENTUNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENTREPORT 2025It is time for reform.A world of debtA world of debtIt is time for reform.2Contents2 Introduction.31.Global public debt keeps rising.42.The weight of external public debt.103.People pay the

2、 price.144.A roadmap to finance sustainable development.18A world of debtIt is time for reform.About UN Trade and Development(UNCTAD)UNCTAD is the UNs leading institution dealing with trade and development.It is part of the UN Secretariat and has a membership of 195 countries,one of the largest in t

3、he UN system.UNCTAD supports developing countries to access the benefits of a globalized economy more fairly and effectively by providing economic and trade analysis,facilitating consensus-building and offering technical assistance to help developing countries use trade,investment,finance and techno

4、logy for inclusive and sustainable development.A World of DebtA World of Debt was prepared by the Innovation and Research Coordination Unit at UNCTAD led by Rebeca Grynspan and coordinated by Carlos Razo.The team members include Edmund Baker,Julia Grbler,Daniel Hopp,Swati Sharma and Giovanni Valensi

5、si.Valuable comments and suggestions were provided by Penelope Hawkins,Keith Lockwood,Daniela Magalhaes Prates,Kirstine Fitzpatrick and Dusan Zivkovic.Graphic design and desktop publishing were done by Nadge Hadjmian.For further information please contact ircuunctad.org The boundaries and names show

6、n and the designations used on the maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.A world of debtIt is time for reform.3 3 IntroductionPublic debt can be a powerful tool for development,enabling governments to finance critical expenditures and invest in a better future fo