1、Holistic approach to 6G networks and beyondAuthors:Timo Aalto,Ijaz Ahmad,Petteri Annamaa,Martti Forsell,Seppo Horsmanheimo,Jyrki Huusko,Marko Hyhty,Aarne Mmmel,Pawani Porambage,Pertti Raatikainen,Pekka Rantakari,Mika Rantakokko,Kysti Rautiola and Visa Vallivaara.ContentsSummary .3Motivation .4Our vi

2、sion .7Networks .11From cloud-based to AI-based RAN .14Cyber security .18Wireless technologies and signal processing .21Components and front-end modules and subsystems .23Computing .31Beyond 6G .34References .382SummaryIn this paper we describe our views on the development of 5G towards 6G and intro

3、duce VTTs research direc-tions and related outcomes.At present,new 5G networks are implemented and novel applications,especially in vertical industries,are developed and launched.However,due to the limitations of the 5G architecture,available hard-ware components and platform-based software solution

4、s,5G is not able to support all foreseen 6G applications.Moreover,6G is not solely designed for the performance requirements of the use cases,but also considering the key values of society,such as envi-ronmental,economic and societal sustainability.VTT is actively involved in many research activitie

5、s related to 6G.Our research focus is on network manage-ment,radio protocols,cyber security,air interface and edge computing and RF front end transceiver components,such as antenna arrays,filters,switches,amplifiers and modulators for new 6G frequency bands.We support open solutions,i.e.open archite

6、cture and open control interfaces such as those promoted by the Open Radio Access Networks Alliance(O-RAN).Due to versatile requirements,such as stability,scalability,resilience,multi-tenancy,efficiency and reliability,future networks will become more complex.Performance optimisation will require hi