1、INSIDE THE ORBIT OF INNOVATION:INSIGHTS FROM MWC25,SATELLITE,AND GSTCE2INSIDE THE ORBIT OF INNOVATION:INSIGHTS FROM MWC25,SATELLITE,AND GSTCECONTENTSINTRODUCTION.2MOBILE WORLD CONGRESS 2025:BARCELONA,SPAIN.3Globalstar.3HFR Mobile(South Korea).5AST Space Mobile.5SATELLITE 2025:WASHINGTON DC,UNITED ST

2、ATES.6Key Trends at the Show.6GLOBAL SPACE TECHNOLOGY CONVENTION&EXHIBITION(GSTCE)2025:SINGAPORE.8BlackSky .8Eartheye Space.9IntroductionSatellite communications,or Non-Terrestrial Network(NTN)communications,as it is now often referred to,continues to build momentum.The rate of acceleration has pick

3、ed up since the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)set out its roadmap for integrating NTN into the cellular technology fold.Proprietary mobile satellite services(MSS)have been around since the early 2000s,with the launch of Iridiums MSS.The MSS sector has evolved.Globalstar,A MSS provider,has

4、survived the lean years and in September 2022,managed to secure investment and long-term contracts with Apple to provide the mobile device manufacturer with wholesale NTN connectivity.Recently the terrestrial communications service providers(CSPs)such as T-Mobile,Verizon,Vodafone,etc.,have taken a d

5、eeper interest in the nascent NTN Direct to Cellular(D2C)market.As demonstrated in our recent report,State of LEO Satellite Networks,the satellite market(total active satellites in operational orbit)is projected to increase from 7,473 Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellites in orbit in 2023 to approximately

6、42,600 by 2032,at a Compound Annual Growth Rate(CAGR)of 21.3%.In 2024,93%of total active satellites in operational orbit were in LEO,and that is expected to only increase.Satellites in LEO,MEO and GEO orbit,are being used for various applications,including satellite communications(satcom),Earth Obse