1、Compact Cities Electrified:BrazilBRIEF FOR POLICYMAKERS2Executive SummaryNew research from the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy and the University of California,Davis,finds that Brazil could feasibly reduce public-sector expenditures on urban transport at the local,state,and feder

2、al levels by a cumulative$1 trillion BRL through 2050 by using a combination of strategies to support vehicle electrification,compact city planning,and modal shift toward walking,cycling,and public transit.Furthermore,only the combination of these strategies,not any strategy alone,will be suff cient

3、 to approach consistency with the countrys economy-wide commitments to reduce carbon emissions.The need for both electrification and mode shift illustrates how important it will be for Brazil to set ambitious decarbonization goals in this important sector.This study investigates four possible scenar

4、ios for urban passenger transport in Brazil:Business as Usual:The current trend for urban passenger travel.Electrification(Only):The fastest feasible replacement of internal-combustion vehicles withelectric ones.ModeShift(Only):The fastest feasible transformation of city planning priorities in favor

5、of compact land use and public transport,walking,and bicycling.Electrification+Shift:The combination of the previous two scenarios.The estimated requirements to achieve each scenario and the cumulative public-sector expenditure entailed are shown in Figure A.In addition to cost savings,the Electrifi

6、cation+Shift scenario would reduce electricity consumption by 54 billion KwH per year by 2050 compared to Electrification(Only).Qualitatively,this scenario would improve road safety,promote economic inclusion of marginalized groups,and reduce air pollution.Infrastructure requirements and direct publ