1、电网与保障能源转型加强韧性、可持续和可负担的电力系统的基础The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil,gas and coal supply and demand,renewable energy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand side management and much more.Through its work,the IEA advocates policies that wil
2、l enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 31 member countries,13 association countries and beyond.This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory,to the delimitation of international frontiers and
3、 boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.Source:IEA.International Energy Agency Website:www.iea.orgIEA member countries:AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorw
4、ayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TrkiyeUnited KingdomUnited StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAIEA association countries:Argentina BrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingapore South Africa Thailand UkraineINTERNATIONAL
5、ENERGYAGENCY电网与保障能源转型 摘要 页码|1 IEA.CC BY 4.0.摘要摘要 一个多世纪以来,电网一直是电力系统的支柱,为家庭、工业和服务业提供电力,从而支撑经济活动。随着清洁能源转型不断推进,电力的作用将更加突出,因此电网对社会和经济的作用也愈发重要。电气化和可再生能源部署都在加速发展,但如果没有足够的电网将新增电力供给与需求相连通,清洁能源转型就可能停滞。本报告梳理了全球电网现状,详细介绍了电网基础设施、并网队列、停电成本、电网阻塞、发电量下调,以及电网发展时间线。本报告指出已有迹象表明电网正在成为清洁能源转型的瓶颈,并分析了电网发展和改革进展不够快所造成的风险。我们发
6、现,拖延有关行动意味着将在更长时期内依赖化石燃料,从而导致碳排放增加,社会成本上升。政策制定者和商界领袖需要对电网给予前所未有的关注,才能确保电网支持清洁能源转型、维护电力安全。报告的结论部分向政策制定者提出了重要建议,强调了投资、监管和规划等领域需采取的必要行动。电网与保障能源转型 致谢 页码|2 IEA.CC BY 4.0.致谢、贡献者及其贡献致谢、贡献者及其贡献 本项研究由国际能源署能源市场和安全司可再生融合与安全电力小组(RISE)与其他司局和办公室合作编制。本研究由可再生融合与安全电力小组负责人 Pablo Hevia-Koch 设计和指导。主要作者为 Pablo Hevia-Koc