1、City Heartbeat Index 2024Findings reportCommissioned byEconomist Impact 2024City Heartbeat Index 20242Contents3 About this report5 Executive summary9 Introduction11 High-level findings16 Domain-level findings17 1.Social Determinants19 2.Physical Environment25 3.Health Risks28 4.Health Services30 5.G

2、overnance36 Conclusion38 Appendices39 Appendix A:Methodology45 Appendix B:Index framework52 Appendix C:Full rankings in the City Heartbeat Index53 ReferencesEconomist Impact 2024City Heartbeat Index 20243About this reportThis report,written by Economist Impact and commissioned by Novartis,presents t

3、he findings of the City Heartbeat Index,a new benchmarking tool measuring efforts at the city level to influence cardiovascular health.Based on an analytical framework composed of quantitative and qualitative indicators,the City Heartbeat Index examines local capacity to support the prevention and m

4、anagement of cardiovascular disease(CVD)across five domains:Social Determinants,Physical Environment,Health Risks,Health Services and Governance.Economist Impact evaluated 50 large cities around the world,representing diverse geographical locations and economies,with a regional weight proportional t

5、o current global CVD burden.The development of the methodology was informed by a literature review and an expert panel,and data collection relied on international datasets and city and country research across official documents,policies and strategies.The first chapter of this report discusses the l

6、inkage between urbanisation and CVD and the rationale,objectives and high-level findings of the City Heartbeat Index.The subsequent chapters examine detailed findings across each of the five domains of the Index,introducing key concepts and highlighting case studies from the city sample.The research