1、BUILDING SAFER COLLECTIVES OF AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS WITH SECURE RUNTIME ASSURANCERuntime assurance(RTA)architectures apply redundant interconnected controllers to secure critical assets.The aerospace industry relies on RTA to reduce costs and increase the reliability of aircraft,satellites,and spacecraf

2、t.Over time,as costs have fallen and best practices have emerged,engineers have increasingly explored RTA for autonomous vehicles and other safety-critical systems.Fully secure runtime assurance(SRTA)could help scale traditional runtime systems to accommodate the growing ranks of autonomous systems

3、managing a fleet of robots(e.g.,swarms of UAVs,UGVs)while providing security,resilience,and safety which will govern the deployment of autonomous transportation.Traditionally,runtime assurance architectures have protected individual things and relied on relatively simple control systems.The conventi

4、onal approach may,however,fail to protect multiple devices working togetherwhether in swarms of drones,fleets of vehicles,or autonomous embedded systems in factories,buildings,and smart cities.Secure RTA includes zero-trust architecture and supports machine learning.Zero-trust architectures integrat

5、e best practices for security and resilience into multiple levels of the hardware and software stacks.Adding support for artificial intelligence(AI)and its machine learning(ML)subset across these systems further improves the swarms performance,safety,resilience,and security.Building Safer Collective

6、s of Autonomous Robots with Secure Runtime Assurance1For example,after a technical glitch in July 2023,a light show of 500 drones in Melbourne,Australia suffered a dramatic black-out ending when as many as 440 of them tried to make emergency landings in the citys Yarra River 1.Almost 350 were lost i