1、Post-COVID recovery andgreen transitionAn ecosystem viewPost-COVID recovery and green transitionAn ecosystem viewPost-COVID recovery and green transitionAn ecosystem view European Investment Bank,2024.All rights reserved.All questions on rights and licensing should be addressed to publicationseib.or

2、g.European Investment Bank 98-100,boulevard Konrad AdenauerL-2950 LuxembourgThis publication was produced with the financial support of the European Commission.The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the EIB,the European Union o

3、r the European Commission.About the Economics Department:The mission of the EIB Economics Department is to provide economic analyses and studies to support the Bank in its operations and in the definition of its positioning,strategy and policy.The department and its team of economists is headed by D

4、ebora Revoltella,director of economics.For further information on the EIBs activities,please consult our website,www.eib.org.You can also contact our Info Desk,infoeib.org.Get our e-newsletter at www.eib.org/sign-up.Published by the European Investment Bank.Printed on FSC Paper.pdf:QH-05-23-393-EN-N

5、 ISBN 978-92-861-5617-5 doi:10.2867/444284CONTENTSIntroduction 1The ecosystem approach to economic policy 2Ecosystems through the lens of the EIB Investment Survey 4Long-term barriers to investment differ significantly across ecosystems 5The Electronics and Digital ecosystems invest more in innovati

6、on 6COVID-19 pushed firms to invest in digitalisation 7Widespread and effective policy support received during the COVID-19 crisis 8Firms took action to mitigate global value chain disruptions 9Firms increased investments to reduce climate-related risks and greenhouse gas emissions 10Deep dive on En