1、NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARDSCIENCE&ENGINEERING INDICATORS 2024R&DPublications Output:U.S.Trends and International ComparisonsNSB-2023-33December 11,2023This publication is part of the 2024 edition of the Science and Engineering Indicators(Indicators)suite of reports.Indicators is prepared under the guida

2、nce of the National Science Board by the National Science Foundations National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics.The Indicators suite consists of a summary report called The State of U.S.Science and Engineering,more-detailed thematic reports with supporting data,and a data tool that prov

3、ides state-level indicators.National Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-332National Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-333Table of Contents 7Executive Summary 9Introduction 9Bibliometric Data Preliminaries 10Publication Output by Region,Country,or Economy and by

4、 Scientific Field 10Output by Region,Country,or Economy 14Output by Scientific Field 23Output and Open Access 25Impact of Published Research 25Impact by Region,Country,or Economy 29Impact and Open Access 31International Collaboration and Citations 31International Collaboration Patterns 40Internation

5、al Citation Patterns 45Conclusion 46Glossary 46Definitions 47Key to Acronyms and Abbreviations 49References 52Notes 54Acknowledgments and Citation 54Acknowledgments 54Citation 55Technical Appendix 55DataNational Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-334 60Fractional and Whole Countin

6、g 60Network Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Papers 61Key to Acronyms and Abbreviations 62References 64Contact Us 64Report Authors 64NCSESList of Sidebars 36Artificial Intelligence Publication Output and International Collaboration 19Using Funding Acknowledgments to Track Federally Funded Researc