1、Evolution of transport fuelsThe role of alternative fuels on the path to InternationalKPMG.Make the Difference.IntroductionThe global transport sector is at a critical crossroads,responsible for approximately 15 percent of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.1 Over 91 percent of its energy needs are

2、 still met by traditional fuels such as gasoline and diesel,2 highlighting the urgent need for a transformative shift to alternative fuels.Consider these eye-opening transportation sector facts:Since the early 1970s,the transport sectors dependence on conventional fuels has decreased by only 3.5 per

3、cent.3Freight transportation demand is projected to nearly double by 2050 compared to 2023 levels.4California plans to ban new diesel heavy-duty trucks by 2036,mandating all heavy trucks be zero-emission by 2042.5The International Energy Agency(IEA)projects transport-related CO2 emissions to increas

4、e until 2030,underscoring the urgent need for drastic emission reductions.6 Commercial and public transportation leaders are facing a complex but critical challenge:the transition of their fleets to alternative fuel sources.Despite the considerable advancements in transitioning the light-duty sector

5、,specifically through the electrification of passenger cars,there are still formidable hurdles to be addressed in decarbonizing aviation,maritime and heavy-duty road transport,encompassing long-haul trucking and inter-city buses.This report is specifically designed for transportation industry leader

6、s and stakeholders,providing them with actionable insights on alternative fuels and a detailed analysis of readiness and adoption potential across road transport,aviation,and maritime shipping.It identifies the key challenges to adoption,assesses the readiness of various alternative fuels,and outlin