1、INVESTIGATING THE U.S.BATTERY SUPPLY CHAIN AND ITS IMPACT ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COSTS THROUGH 2032Chang Shen,Peter Slowik,Andrew BeachFEBRUARY 2024ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work is conducted with generous support from the Joshua and Anita Bekenstein Charitable Fund,the Energy Foundation,and the Heising-Simm

2、ons Foundation.We thank Georg Bieker and Eyal Li for input on underlying data and methods.Critical reviews on an earlier version of this report were provided by Georg Bieker,Eyal Li,Teo Lombardo,and Stephanie Searle.Their review does not imply an endorsement,and any errors are the authors own.Editor

3、:Amy SmorodinInternational Council on Clean Transportation 1500 K Street NW,Suite 650 Washington,DC 20005communicationstheicct.org|www.theicct.org|TheICCT 2024 International Council on Clean TransportationiICCT REPORT|INVESTIGATING THE U.S.BATTERY SUPPLY CHAIN AND ITS IMPACT ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE COST

4、SEXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe global shift toward zero-emission vehicles is rapidly advancing,and many countries are setting ambitious decarbonization targets.In this context,the United States,through the U.S.Environmental Protection Agencys(EPA)recent standards proposal,aims to lead global efforts to reduc

5、e light-duty vehicle pollution.However,a pivotal research question arises:Can the United States ensure a reliable supply of essential minerals to produce affordable battery electric vehicles(BEVs),especially given fluctuating raw material prices and evolving battery technologies?This study addresses

6、 that question by analyzing the development of the U.S.battery supply chain and its impact on BEV costs from 20232032.It explores the feasibility of the United States securing a reliable lithium supply chain with the minerals eligible for tax credits and generates hypothetical prices scenarios of th