1、IUCN WCPA Good Practice Guidelines Series No.XThe world at nightPreserving natural darkness for heritage conservation and night sky appreciationDavid Welch,Robert Dick,Karen Trevio,Travis Longcore,Catherine Rich,John Hearnshaw,Clive Ruggles,Adam Dalton,John Barentine and Istvn GyarmathyIUCN WCPA Goo

2、d Practice Guidelines Series No.33IUCN WCPA GOOD PRACTICE GUIDELINES SERIESIUCN-WCPAs Good Practice Guidelines are the worlds authoritative resource for managers of protected areas and OECMs,policy makers,and scientists.Involving collaboration among specialist practitioners dedicated to supporting b

3、etter implementation of ideas in the field,the Guidelines distil learning and advice drawn from across IUCN WCPA.Applied in the field,they build institutional and individual capacity to manage conservation systems effectively,equitably and sustainably,and help cope with the myriad of challenges face

4、d in practice.The Guidelines also assist national governments,protected area agencies,non-governmental organizations,communities and private sector partners in meeting their commitments and goals,and especially to the Convention on Biological Diversity.A full set of Good Practice Guidelines,and Tech

5、nical Reports,are available to download at:https:/www.iucn.org/our-union/commissions/world-commission-protected-areas/our-work/wcpa-publicationsComplementary resources are available at www.cbd.int/protected/tools/Contribute to developing capacity for a Protected Planet at PROTECTED AREA DEFINITION,M

6、ANAGEMENT CATEGORIES AND GOVERNANCE TYPESIUCN defines a protected area as:A clearly defined geographical space,recognised,dedicated and managed,through legal or other effective means,to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.The definition