1、1From Innovation Oasis to Research DesertHow Price Controls Imperil American Medical Innovation and the Search for Cures2Table of ContentsReport Overview.3Introduction.6Clinical Trials and the Life Sciences R&D Ecosystem.14Trends in Clinical Trial Activity:Comparing the United States with a Sample o

2、f Major OECD Economies.21Estimating Potental Losses in Clinical Trials and Life Sciences R&D Due to the IRA.47Conclusion:From World Leadership in Groundbreaking Innovation to the Emergence of Research Desertsthe IRAs Negative Impact on Clinical Trials Activity in the United States.5123Report Overvie

3、w1.T Axelrod(2022)“Republicans strip$35 insulin price cap from Democrats bill-but insist Senate rules are to blame”,ABC News,August 8,2022.2.S Kimball(2023)“Biden budget would cap monthly insulin prices at$35 for people with private insurance”,CNBC,March 9,2023.This report investigates the impositio

4、n of national price controls and cost-containment measures on the biopharmaceutical sector and the Inflation Reduction Acts(IRA)potential direct and indirect negative long-term impacts on the most important part of the biopharmaceutical research and development(“R&D”)process:clinical research and de

5、velopment.Clinical research is a cornerstone of the drug development process.Conducting clinical trials is part of an extensive process to determine which compounds out of hundreds under investigation may be further developed and eventually brought to market and in what manner.This report compares l

6、evels of clinical research between the United States and a sample of developed,major Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development“(OECD”)economies that have historically imposed varying degrees of national price controls and cost-containment measures on the biopharmaceutical sector.Despite