1、 THE IMPACT OF FACEBOOKS CONNECTIVITY INITIATIVES IN THE ASEAN REGIONDECEMBER 2022 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF GOOGLES SUBMARINE CABLE NETWORK IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN David Abecassis,Carmen Ferreiro,Tom Wicken,Andrea Betteto,Dr.Michael Kende,Prof.Neil GandalREPORT FOR GOOGLE Ref:8871797799-472.Con

2、tents Executive summary 1 1 Introduction 5 2 Network infrastructure investment in LAC by Google and others is driven by sustained growth in Internet usage 6 2.1 End users rely on the interconnected network infrastructure over which Internet services are provided 6 2.2 Latin American Internet network

3、 infrastructure relies heavily on submarine cables 8 2.3 Google is investing in submarine cable infrastructure in Latin America 14 3 Googles submarine cables are improving connectivity in LAC,driving an estimated USD178 billion in additional GDP by 2027 18 3.1 Increased levels of connectivity can br

4、ing a wide range of benefits to countries,both to businesses and society as a whole 19 3.2 Googles submarine cable infrastructure investments are helping to improve connectivity in Latin America,bringing a series of benefits to the digital environment 21 4 Straightforward,transparent,and supportive

5、regulatory regimes in Latin America are important for encouraging submarine cable infrastructure investments 29 4.1 A transparent,consistent licensing regime would facilitate the deployment and maintenance of cables in Latin America 29 4.2 Cable-protection laws and cabotage laws need to be designed

6、carefully to avoid causing unnecessary regulatory burden 31 4.3 Foreign ownership and investment appear to be generally welcomed in Latin America,which is a state of affairs that should be encouraged 33 Annex A Economic impact assessment methodology Annex B Methodology Q&A Annex C Cables deployed in