1、U.S.Department of the InteriorU.S.Geological SurveyMINERAL COMMODITY SUMMARIES 2023SiliconSilverSoda AshStoneStrontiumSulfurTalcTantalumTelluriumThalliumThoriumTinTitaniumTungstenVanadiumVermiculiteWollastoniteYttriumZeolitesZincZirconiumMercuryMicaMolybdenumNickelNiobiumNitrogenPalladiumPeatPerlite

2、Phosphate RockPlatinumPotashPumiceQuartz CrystalRare EarthsRheniumRubidiumSaltSand and GravelScandiumSeleniumFluorsparGalliumGarnetGemstonesGermaniumGoldGraphiteGypsumHafniumHeliumIndiumIodineIron and SteelIron OreIron Oxide PigmentsKyaniteLeadLimeLithiumMagnesiumManganeseAbrasivesAluminumAntimonyAr

3、senicAsbestosBariteBauxiteBerylliumBismuthBoronBromineCadmiumCementCesiumChromiumClaysCobaltCopperDiamondDiatomiteFeldsparCover.Cross section of a superconducting electromagnet used in the Large Hadron Collider(LHC),the worlds largest and most powerful particle accelerator,at the European Organizati

4、on for Nuclear Research(CERN)s accelerator complex.The superconducting properties of the magnet are achieved using copper-clad niobium-titanium(NbTi)coils,which surround the particle beam pipes.The particle beams travel in an ultrahigh vacuum at close to the speed of light,and huge forces are needed

5、 to guide them around the 27-kilometer-long ring of the LHC.NbTi magnets are used to bend,flatten,and focus the particle beams along the way.Photograph by Abraham J.Padilla,U.S.Geological Survey.U.S.Department of the Interior U.S.Geological Survey MINERAL COMMODITY SUMMARIES 2023 Abrasives Fluorspar

6、 Mercury Silicon Aluminum Gallium Mica Silver Antimony Garnet Molybdenum Soda Ash Arsenic Gemstones Nickel Stone Asbestos Germanium Niobium Strontium Barite Gold Nitrogen Sulfur Bauxite Graphite Palladium Talc Beryllium Gypsum Peat Tantalum Bismuth Hafnium Perlite Tellurium Boron Helium Phosphate Ro