1、July 2023Future Energy ScenariosNavigationDownload a pdfTo download a full copy of this report go to Links Click/tap highlighted orange text to navigate to an external link.Or to jump to another section of the document.To help you find the information you need quickly and easily we have published th

2、e report as an interactive document.Download the PDF in Acrobat Reader to view all interactivity.Return to contentsFrom here you can navigate to any part of the publicationPage navigation explainedBack a pageForward a pageContentsForeword 04Executive Summary:Key messages,energy flow diagrams 05 and

3、the main things you need to knowIntroduction:What is FES and whats new for 2023 19Net Zero:How we reflect the UKs legislated target to 31 decarbonise by 2050The Energy Consumer:How individual end users interact 64 with their energyIntroduction and key insights 65Consumer energy demand 71Residential

4、77Transport 85Industrial 90Commercial 93Consumer archetypes 95Hydrogen and electrification 100The Energy System:How different energy sources interact 103 to meet end user demand and provide value to consumersIntroduction and key insights 104Supply and demand 109Electricity supply 125Low carbon hydro

5、gen supply 147Natural gas 157Bioenergy 165Strategic network investment 171Connections 173Flexibility:How energy demand and supply are balanced at 176 all times to ensure system securityGlossary 219Continuing the Conversation 222Legal Notice 223ForewordTwo years ago,the Government announced its inten

6、tion for the electricity system to be fully decarbonised by 2035.This ambitious target reinforced Great Britains existing global leadership in enabling low carbon electricity generation.The 2035 target gives us just over a decade to deliver a world-first,but it requires a major transition across ind