1、Coal,iron ore and steel-emerging trends and challenges January 2023FIMIContentsForeword from FIMIExecutive Summary1.Introductory section1.1 Coal1.1.1 Overview of coal1.1.2.Global overview of coal industry1.1.3.Indian overview of coal industry1.1.4.Challenges1.1.5.What is to be done1.2 Iron ore1.2.1

2、Overview of iron ore industry1.2.2.Global overview of iron ore industry 1.2.3.Indian overview of iron ore industry1.2.4.Challenges1.2.5.What is to be done1.3 Steel1.3.1 Overview of steel1.3.2.Global overview of steel industry1.3.3.Indian overview of steel industry1.3.4.Challenges1.3.5.What is to be

3、done2.External effects and developments in the Indian industry3.Emerging technology and how they address challenges3.1 Coal3.2 Iron ore3.3 Steel3.4 The innovation4.Summary and Way forward04060828091519333435323840Coal,iron ore and steel are critical for continued economic development and are the bac

4、kbone of global sustainable initiatives,including energy transition.Today,the steel industry is one of the worlds most energy intensive,accounting for around 8%to 9%of global carbon dioxide emissions.For steelmakers,reducing emissions and specific energy consumption is critical as the global decarbo

5、nization agenda speeds up.The steel sector relies on the availability of resources like iron ore,coking/metallurgical coal,steel scrap and power.India has adequate iron ore reserves,and utilization of iron ore fines and low-grade iron ore is a key determinant for the success of the industry.India do

6、es not have sufficient reserves of coking/metallurgical coal and is dependent on imported coking coal which are subject to wide price fluctuation.Coking coal reserves in India stands at 34.5 billion tons however it is not of adequate quality to form good coking coal on account of high impurities.Wit