1、May 2023Powering decarbonisation through technology investmentSmarter G Grids powering decarbonisation through technology investment2 2023 KPMG Advisory(Hong Kong)Limited,a Hong Kong(SAR)limited liability company and a member firm of the KPMG global organisation of independent member firms affiliate

2、d with KPMG International Limited,a private English company limited by guarantee.All rights reserved.Foreword03Executive summary0408IntroductionPart 1:Smart grid technology121.What makes a grid smart?122.Strategy and implementation20Part 2:Case studies:Markets and regulations enabling smart grid inv

3、estment221.China Vertically integrated electricity market232.United Kingdom Liberalised electricity market303.United States Hybrid electricity market 36Key considerations for stakeholders44Conclusion47References4854About KPMG China56Acknowledgments57Guide to abbreviationsForewordWei LinPartner,Head

4、of Environmental,Social and GovernanceKPMG ChinaEbele Angela OnyeaboAssociate Director,Climate and Sustainability KPMG ChinaAngus ChoiPartner,ESG AdvisoryKPMG ChinaEnergy transition is a critical imperative facing countries as they chart a course towards actualising their net zero ambitions.In the s

5、hort term,energy security continues to be an important issue amid an inflationary economy and ongoing geopolitical uncertainties.In the medium to long term,countries need to address the energy trilemma of security,affordability and sustainability.Energy independence and the need to decarbonise the e

6、conomy by transitioning from fossil fuels is a key policy and business opportunity driver.Many countries not only have strategic roadmaps for expanding renewable energy generation,but they are also charting pathways for alternate energy options including green hydrogen and energy storage.These chang