1、Battery 2030:Resilient,sustainable,and circularBattery demand is growingand so is the need for better solutions along the value chain.This article is a collaborative effort by McKinsey in cooperation with the Global Battery Alliance and its members.The authors include Jakob Fleischmann,Mikael Hanick

2、e,Evan Horetsky,Dina Ibrahim,Sren Jautelat,Martin Linder,Patrick Schaufuss,Lukas Torscht,and Alexandre van de Rijt.Global demand for batteries is increasing,driven largely by the imperative to reduce climate change through electrification of mobility and the broader energy transition.Just as analyst

3、s tend to underestimate the amount of energy generated from renewable sources,battery demand forecasts typically underestimate the market size and are regularly corrected upwards.In an earlier publication,a joint 2019 report by McKinsey,the Global Battery Alliance(GBA),and Systemiq,A vision for a su

4、stainable battery value chain in 2030,we projected a market size of 2.6 TWh and yearly growth of 25 percent by 2030.But a 2022 analysis by the McKinsey Battery Insights team projects that the entire lithium-ion(Li-ion)battery chain,from mining through recycling,could grow by over 30 percent annually

5、 from 2022 to 2030,when it would reach a value of more than$400 billion and a market size of 4.7 TWh.Although battery growth will confer multiple environmental and social benefits,many challenges lie ahead.To avoid shortages,battery manufacturers must secure a steady supply of both raw material and

6、equipment.They must also channel their investment to the right areas and execute large-scale industrialization efficiently.And rather than just greenwashingmaking half-hearted efforts to appear environmentally friendlycompanies must commit to extensive decarbonization and true sustainability.Faced w