1、 BIS Working Papers No 1011 Big techs,QR code payments and financial inclusion by Thorsten Beck,Leonardo Gambacorta,Yiping Huang,Zhenhua Li and Han Qiu Monetary and Economic Department May 2022 JEL classification:D22,G31,R30.Keywords:big tech,big data,QR code,banks,asymmetric information,financial i

2、nclusion,credit markets.BIS Working Papers are written by members of the Monetary and Economic Department of the Bank for International Settlements,and from time to time by other economists,and are published by the Bank.The papers are on subjects of topical interest and are technical in character.Th

3、e views expressed in them are those of their authors and not necessarily the views of the BIS.This publication is available on the BIS website(www.bis.org).Bank for International Settlements 2022.All rights reserved.Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is stated.ISSN 10

4、20-0959(print)ISSN 1682-7678(online)1 Big techs,QR code payments and financial inclusion Thorsten Beck,Leonardo Gambacorta,Yiping Huang,Zhenhua Li,*and Han Qiu European University Institute,CEPR,Bank for International Settlements,Institute of Digital Finance and National School of Development,Peking

5、 University,*Ant Group.Using a unique dataset of around half a million Chinese firms that use a QR code-based mobile payment system,we find that(i)the creation of a digital payment footprint allows firms to access credit provided by the same big tech company;(ii)transaction data generated via QR cod

6、e generate spillover effects on access to bank credit;and(iii)there are positive effects of access to big tech credit on sales,including during the Covid-19 shock.The findings suggest that access to innovative payment methods helps micro firms build up credit history,and that using big tech credit c