1、Natural gas supply-demand balance of the European Union in 2023 How to prepare for winter 2023/24The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil,gas and coal supply and demand,renewable energy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand side managemen

2、t and much more.Through its work,the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 31 member countries,11 association countries and beyond.This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty o

3、ver any territory,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.Source:IEA.International Energy Agency Website:www.iea.orgIEA member countries:AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrela

4、ndItalyJapanKoreaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TrkiyeUnited KingdomUnited StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAIEA association countries:ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaMoroc

5、coSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraineINTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCYNatural gas supply-demand balance of the European Union in 2023 3 Summary The European and the global gas market suffered a major supply shock in 2022:Russias steep gas supply cuts to the European Union put an unprecedented pressure on

6、the market,triggering a global natural gas crisis.Despite the steep decline in Russian piped gas,the European Union was able to fill up its gas storage sites to well-above historic averages.The strong storage build-up was supported by a combination of well-tailored policy measures,a record inflow of