UNCTAD：COVID-19对全球旅游业造成影响评估（英文版）（27页）.pdf

1、U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T COVID-19 AND TOURISM COVID-19 AND TOURISM ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES EMBARGO The contents of this report must not be quoted or summarized in the print, broadcast or electronic media before 1 July 2020, 13

2、:00 GMT (15:00 Geneva) 2COVID-19 AND TOURISM: ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES TABLE OF CONTENT 2020, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United

3、Nations or its officials or Member States. The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorit

4、ies, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This document has not been formally edited. 3TABLE OF CONTENT The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the global economy. By the end of the first quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had brought international t

5、ravel to an abrupt halt and significantly impacted the tourism industry. For many developed and developing countries, the tourism sector is a major source of employment, government revenue and foreign exchange earnings. Without this vital lifeline, many countries may experience a dramatic contractio

6、n in GDP and a rise in unemployment. Using a computable general equilibrium model (GTAP), we assess the implications of the COVID-19 crisis on the tourism sector. Depending on the duration of the global lockdown, the paper estimates the direct and indirect costs of the shutdown for 65individual coun