1、siemens-Hydrogen infrastructure the pillar of energy transitionThe practical conversion of long-distance gas networks to hydrogen operationPage03Executive Summary04Foreword051.Hydrogen:overview 1.1.Green hydrogen as the energy source of the future072.Generation083.Transmission 3.1.Intrinsic value of

2、 the existing gas infrastructure 3.2.Pipeline capacity in the transition to hydrogen 3.3.Suitability of the pipelines for hydrogen operation 3.4.Compression requirements for transport144.Storage 4.1.Existing gas storage capacities 4.2.H2 readiness of German gas storage facilities165.Hydrogen industr

3、y in operation 5.1.System start-up and first model projects 5.2.Integration into the German and international gas market236 Economics 6.1.Investment and production costs 6.2.Legal framework247.Summary/outlookAuthorsPeter Adam Siemens Energy,GermanyFrank Heunemann Nowega GmbH,GermanyChristoph von dem

4、 Bussche Gascade Gastransport GmbH,GermanyStefan Engelshove Siemens Energy,GermanyThomas Thiemann Siemens Energy,Germany 2Executive SummaryWithin the framework of energy sector integration and together with the expansion of the electricity grids,a needs-based hydrogen infrastructure is a central bui

5、lding block for the reliable supply to industrial,public and private customers of CO2-free energy:Hydrogen can be produced by electrolysis with energy from renewable sources in large quantities and com-pletely CO2-free,stored,transported and made available via gas networks,and integrated into the in

6、ternational gas markets.Pure hydrogen,as an energy source in pipelines,has an almost comparable transport energy density as natural gas.It can therefore provide the market with the re-quired capacities for climate-neutral energy.The highly integrated German and European natural gas transmission netw