全球化研究报告-PDF版

HubSpot：2021年社交媒体趋势报告（英文版）（56页）.pdf

HubSpot联合Talkwalker发布了2021年社交媒体趋势报告。这份报告分享了由专家们和观众定义的2021年社交媒体新趋势。今年我们对消费者进行了调查，并根据影响品牌的程度对这些趋势进行了评级.

2021-01-31 56页 5星级

2020 社交媒体营销行业报告：营销人员如何利用社交媒体发展业务 - SocialMediaExaminer（英文版）.pdf

SocialMediaExaminer发布2020 社交媒体营销行业报告：营销人员如何利用社交媒体发展业务，此报告调查了5200多名营销人员，目的在于了解他们如何利用社交媒体来发展和推广自己的业务。在报告中，您将发现：营销人员最想回答的社交媒体问题：揭示当今营销专业人士想要回答的问题。社交媒体营销的好处：揭示营销人员通过社交媒体实现的主要优势及营销人员的经验如何影响结果。最常用的社交媒体平台：揭示营销人员现在使用的平台以及未来12个月的使用变化。报告中也研究经验丰富的营销人员正在使用哪些平台和对营销人员最重要的平台。报告在今年的研究中加入了TikTok（抖音）。有机社交媒体发布：探索营销人员通过平台如何计划改变他们未来的有机活动。视频营销：展示最受营销人员欢迎的视频频道，他们对实时视频的使用，以及在接下来的12个月他们计划如何改变视频营销。付费社交媒体：揭示市场营销人员正在使用的社交广告平台以及他们计划在未来12个月专注于哪些广告平台。其他分析：研究如果营销人员看到有机社会活动的减少，计算他们投资回报的能力（ROI），以及他们对分析学的兴趣。此外，报告中还将了解企业对企业（B2B）公司到企业到消费者（B2C）公司的转变以及研究自2019年研究以来的重大变化。

2020-12-10 48页 5星级

Hootsuite：2021年全球社交媒体趋势报告（英文版）.pdf

Hootsuites fifth annual report on the latest global trends in social media S O C I A L T R E N D S T.

2020-12-08 54页 5星级

GlobalWebIndex：2020年 Z世代媒体趋势研究（英文版）（30页）.pdf

AUDIENCE REPORT 2020 Gen Z Observing the latest trends on Gen Zs Each chart from our ongoing global research in this report contains a hyperlink that will bring you straight to the relevant question on our Platform, where you can investigate all data by demographics, over time and among custom audiences. You can find the corresponding question to each chart in the right hand column, starting from left to right. Any charts which do not contain a hyperlink are from a GWI custom study. Custom study data is not available to explore on our Platform. RECREATE CHARTS FOR YOURSELF Whats inside? 03 Introduction 04 Key insights 05 Gen Z overview 10 Tech, device using a variety of social media platforms, music/TV streaming services and gaming devices. While this is certainly the case, their attitudes and activities online are beginning to reflect the growing concerns they face regarding an uncertain future. Brands arent just marketing to an audience of colorful, tech-savvy trendsetters anymore theyre dealing with vocal, informed users who want to change a world thats rapidly changed them. LIVING ARRANGEMENTS % of Gen Zs who say they live with the following. EDUCATION % of Gen Zs who achieved the following level of education. LIVING CONTEXT % of Gen Zs who say their house is located in the following areas. INCOME % of Gen Zs who fall into the following income segments. My parent(s)72% 8% 32% 6% 5% 2% 5% Other family member My partner I live alone Roommate/friend My child(ren) Other UrbanSuburbanRural 58$% LowMediumHighDont know/ prefer not to say 41$% Postgrad degree 2% Schooling until age 18 53% University degree Trade/technical school or college 19 % Schooling until 16 6% 06 Gen Z Question: Which of these things are you interested in? Source: GlobalWebIndex Q2 2020 Base: 38,307 internet users aged 16-23 EXPLORE DATA Interests they want to better the world just as much as they want to better themselves. Around half say helping the environment is important to them, while just under 4 in 10 say the same about contributing to their community or helping others. While we look at their consumer attitudes later, its worth noting that these attitudes largely come into play when purchasing from brands and therefore shouldnt be ignored. What these ambitious and competitive values signal, is a heightened awareness of the increasingly challenging future this generation faces. THE WORLD IS THEIR OYSTER % of Gen Zs who say the following best describes them (sorted by over-index) THEYRE COMPETITIVE AND AMBITIOUS % of Gen Zs who say the following are important to them (sorted by over-index) IDX I take risks1.17 1.15 1.14 1.11 1.07 1.06 1.05 1.02 1.02 1.00 34 29 55 39 47 49 60 33 18 51 % % % % % % % % % % I am prone to anxiety I like to explore the world I like to be the fi rst to try new things I take care of my appearance I am interested in other cultures/countries I believe all people should have equal rights I am comfortable talking about mental health I feel overworked I like to know what is going on in the world Being successful Standing out in a crowd Challenging myself Feeling accepted by others Learning new skills Helping the environment Contributing to my community Helping others before myself My faith/spirituality Having a positive attitude 1.22 1.20 1.19 1.16 1.12 1.06 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.00 64 27 50 40 63 48 37 38 40 65 % % % % % % % % % % IDX 08 Gen Z Question: Thinking about COVID-19, which of these things most concern you at the moment? Source: GlobalWebIndex September 2020 Base: 762 Gen Z in 7 countries aged 16-23 While just 7% of Gen Zs say they have a mental health condition, this rises to 22% in North America where theyre 73% more likely to say theyre prone to anxiety. This number could be much higher though with the exception of Europe and APAC, Gen Zs in other regions are less likely than their older counterparts to be open about their mental health. Amid the ongoing pandemic these issues are growing fast. Many are already concerned for their reputation and appearance, and our custom research from September shows 1 in 3 say their mental or emotional wellbeing has become their greatest concern since the pandemic, with just under half citing their physical fitness. While these concerns vary by market, they largely consider health issues their greatest priority, especially in Europe. Gen Zs in Germany, for example, are over 2x as likely as the average user to say social isolation is their greatest concern, while in the UK, 46% say its their friends and familys wellbeing. While mental health concerns arent limited to Gen Zs, they are certainly a concerned group as the long-term effects of the pandemic take hold. Just as high-risk audiences face ongoing health concerns from “long Covid”, global economic decline is already changing Gen Zs outlook for the foreseeable future. In Q1 2020, just 8% of Gen Zs said they expect their personal finances to get worse in the next 6 months; as of Q2 2020, this figure has doubled to 16%. Similarly, 33% say their countrys economy will worsen in the same timeframe having risen from 19% in Q1 2020. While it may be some time before we can fully understand the outbreaks long-term damage on this generation, their short-term professional prospects will be heavily impacted. Mental health Gen Zs are 37% more likely to have experienced feelings of panic since the beginning of the outbreak GEN Z ARE FACING A NUMBER OF CONCERNS % of Gen Zs, in 7 countries, who say the following things most concern them at the moment (sorted by over-index) My mental/ emotional wellbeing My physical health/fi tness Life events being canceled Access to a vaccine The wellbeing of my friends/family Social isolation 1.10 IDX1.09 IDX1.08 IDX 1.08 IDX1.06 IDX1.06 IDX 34I% 32C(% 09 Gen Z 02 Gen Z Tech, device and entertainment Question: Which of the following do you feel describes you? | In the last month, which of these have you done? Source: GlobalWebIndex Q2 2020 Base: 38,307 internet users aged 16-23 EXPLORE DATA EXPLORE DATA Tech behaviors Generally, tech-savviness is considered a staple trait of young audiences, and this is certainly true of Gen Zs, 44% of which say they are comfortable using the latest technology. While theyre more or less on par with millennials in this regard (45%), Gen Zs display more self- awareness of their relationship with technology. Theyre concerned about their time spent on social media and smartphones, and are 10% more likely than average to say social media causes them anxiety. We know how important mental health is to Gen Zs, with social media often attributed to its rising prominence. Furthermore, Gen Zs are aware of the risks associated with modern technology they prefer to be anonymous online and take steps to control their privacy more often than any other generation we track. Brands should take note of these behaviors and remember that, given the chance, Gen Zs will always opt for retaining their privacy over trading it. Just 1 in 4 feel in control of their data online and 6 in 10 say they would rather keep their data than exchange it for free services. But with 1 in 4 using technology and 1 in 3 turning to social media in order to support their mental wellbeing, Gen Zs arent necessarily straying from technology entirely. In fact, just less than 4 in 10 say they feel social media is good for society, meaning its a case of balancing their use in the everyday. THEYRE TECHNOPHILES, BUT ARE WARY OF OVERUSE % of Gen Zs who say the following best describe them (sorted by over-index) THEY TAKE PRIVACY SERIOUSLY % of internet users in these generations who did the following in the last month I worry I spend too much time on social media I worry I spend too much time on my smartphone I feel using social media causes me anxiety I prefer being anonymous online I am comfortable with my apps tracking my activity 1.35IDX 1.29IDX 1.10IDX 1.03IDX 1.02IDX 36 39 16 31 26 % % % % % 33% 46% Gen Z (aged 16-23) 31% 45% Millennials (aged 23-37) 26% 38% Gen X (aged 38-56) 17% 32% Baby Boomers (aged 57-64) Used a VPN or Proxy ServerUsed an ad-blocker to stop ads being displayed 11 Gen Z Question: On an average day, how long do you spend online on mobiles, PC/Laptops? Source: GlobalWebIndex Q2 2019 - Q2 2020 Base: 162,676 Gen Z aged 16-23 EXPLORE DATA EXPLORE DATA Device usage and time spent Gen Zs generally keep smaller device portfolios compared to their older counterparts, with many devices unable to compete with smartphones versatility. But there are small shifts at play thanks to the pandemic, particularly for PC/laptops. Increased time at home brought with it increased time spent on PCs and laptops per day, jumping from 3 hours in Q1 2020 to well over 3 hours in Q2 2020. This is largely a product of circumstance, however. Early indications from Q3 research show this to have fallen back toward levels seen before the pandemic. Although Gen Zs are 20% less likely than average to purchase new tech products on release, over half say they intend to purchase a new mobile in the next year TIME SPENT ON PC/LAPTOPS VS MOBILES Gen Z time spent per day on the following devices in hh:mm Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 04:07 PC/LaptopsMobiles 03:17 04:07 03:16 04:09 03:14 04:16 03:14 04:32 03:37 12 Gen Z EXPLORE DATA Question: In the last month, which of these services have you used to watch / download TV shows, films or videos? Source: GlobalWebIndex Q2 2020 Base: 33,549 Gen Z aged 16-23 Media that is, approximately how many people (of the same gender, age and educational attainment) are represented by their responses. GLOBALWEBINDEX SAMPLE SIZE BY MARKET This report draws insights from GlobalWebIndexs Q2 2020 wave of research across 46 countries, with a global sample of 179,219 respondents. Argentina1,565355 Australia4,124647 Austria1,290201 Belgium1,337223 Brazil5,7731,344 Canada4,916739 China24,5824,758 Colombia1,296278 Denmark1,293206 Egypt1,779523 France5,172827 Germany5,209742 Ghana891437 Hong Kong1,793329 India13,8295,218 Indonesia5,1931,682 Ireland1,287207 Israel1,276219 Italy5,206684 Japan3,343247 Kenya1,048354 Malaysia2,849742 Mexico4,3651,241 Morocco954440 Netherlands1,313204 New Zealand1,278234 Nigeria1,025414 Philippines3,2611,166 Poland2,085328 Portugal1,309224 Romania1,314221 Russia3,649521 Saudi Arabia1,518286 Singapore2,806555 South Africa1,564389 South Korea1,297200 Spain5,130644 Sweden1,278182 Switzerland1,306182 Taiwan2,301402 Thailand3,9351,196 Turkey2,081598 UAE1,793146 UK10,3291,582 U.S.A.25,6705,087 Vietnam2,607903 GEN Z GEN Z ALL INTERNET USERS ALL INTERNET USERS Notes on methodology MOBILE SURVEY RESPONDENTS From Q1 2017 on, GlobalWebIndex has offered our Core survey on mobile. This allows us to survey internet users who prefer using a mobile or are mobile-only (who use a mobile to get online but do not use or own any other device). Mobile respondents complete a shorter version of our Core survey, answering 50 questions, all carefully adapted to be compatible with mobile screens. Please note that the sample sizes presented in the charts throughout this report may differ as some will include both mobile and PC/laptop/tablet respondents and others will include only respondents who completed GlobalWebIndexs Core survey via PC/laptop/tablet. For more details on our methodology for mobile surveys and the questions asked to mobile respondents, please download this document. INTERNET PENETRATION RATES: GLOBALWEBINDEX VERSUS ITU FIGURES As GlobalWebIndexs Core Research is conducted among 16-64 year-olds, we supplement the internet penetration forecasts for a countrys total population (reproduced above) with internet penetration forecasts for 16-64s specifically. Forecasts for 16-64s will be higher than our forecasts for total population, since 16-64s are the most likely age groups to be using the internet. INTERNET PENETRATION RATES ACROSS GLOBALWEBINDEXS MARKETS GlobalWebIndexs research focuses exclusively on the internet population and because internet penetration rates can vary significantly between countries (from a high of 90% in parts of Europe to lows of c.20% in parts of APAC), the nature of our samples is impacted accordingly. Where a market has a high internet penetration rate, its online population will be relatively similar to its total population and hence we will see good representation across all age, gender and education breaks. This is typically the case across North America, Western Europe and parts of Asia Pacific such as Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Where a market has a medium to low internet penetration, its online population can be very different to its total population; broadly speaking, the lower the countrys overall internet penetration rate, the more likely it is that its internet users will be young, urban, affluent and educated. This is the case throughout much of LatAm, MEA and Asia Pacific. This table provides GlobalWebIndex forecasts on internet penetration (defined as the number of internet users per 100 people) in 2019. This forecasted data is based upon the latest internet penetration estimates from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for each market that GlobalWebIndex conducts online research in. INTERNET PENETRATION RATES GlobalWebIndexs Forecasts for 2020 based on 2018 ITU data Argentina80% Australia89% Austria89% Belgium90% Brazil75% Canada94% China62% Colombia68% Denmark98% Egypt54% France86% Germany92% Ghana50% Hong Kong92% India45% Indonesia42% Ireland87% Israel88% Italy77% Japan93% Kenya40% Malaysia84% Mexico71% Morocco67% Netherlands95% New Zealand94% Nigeria50% Philippines67% Poland80% Portugal79% Romania76% Russia85% Saudi Arabia90% Singapore90% South Africa64% South Korea97% Spain90% Sweden96% Switzerland96% Taiwan90% Thailand59% Turkey76% UAE98% UK96% U.S.A.90% Vietnam70% Like what youve read? Theres plenty more where that came from. Browse our latest reports and infographics examining key consumer trends across markets. Access more reports Get more from your data. Run your own custom studies using our panel of 22 million consumers, and get instant access to insight tailored to your business needs. Request custom research

2020-12-04 30页 5星级

Socialbakers：2020年医疗保健和社交媒体发展现状与未来趋势（英文版）（28页）.pdf

如今，越来越多的消费者依赖社交媒体作为他们的主要新闻来源，以及与他们信任的企业进行沟通或从中获取信息的主要方式。事实上，越来越多的人希望社交媒体成为客户支持或客户关怀的主要联络点之一。难怪大多数现代企.

2020-12-01 28页 5星级

Parsely：2020年社交媒体内容的改变及其在2021年对内容创作者的影响（英文版）（24页）.pdf

根据GlobeWebIndex(GWI)的数据，43%的美国消费者表示，由于流感大流行，他们观看了更多的新闻报道。新冠疫情、选举以及英国脱欧的持续影响等事件对内容消费习惯产生了深远的影响。但这些变化是.

2020-12-01 24页 5星级

益普索（Ipsos）：2020年媒体信任未来报告（英文版）（32页）.pdf

TRUST MISPLACED? A report on the future of trust in media October 2020 IPSOS VIEWS THANKS With thank.

2020-10-23 32页 5星级

用于社交距离管理的可穿戴式近距离传感器报告 - WJM（英文版）（49页）.pdf

4cEngineering SolastaHouse|8InvernessCampus|Inverness|IV25NA Tel: 44(0)1463227565|info4cengineering.co.uk|www.4cengineering.co.uk WEARABLEPROXIMITYSENSORFORMANAGEMENTOF SOCIALDISTANCING DocumentTitle: WearableProximitySensorforManagementofSocialDistancing DocumentNo: WJM1137001235 Project: 1137WearableProximitySensor Client: Wright,Johnston however,thereisafurtherchallengeinhowtoensuresafetyuponreturningtotheworkplace. Maintainingasafedistancebetweenpeopleisaveryeffectivewaytoreducethepotentialfor transmissionofthecoronavirus123. To maintain this distance constantly may become arduous for employees and monitoring the distancingdynamicwillprovechallengingforteamsandmanagers.PersonalProtectiveEquipment (PPE)hasbeenthemainfocusforessentialjobssuchashealthcare. Withtherisingneedforreturntonormalcyacrosstheentirerangeofsectors,newchallengesare arisingforhowtomaintainasafedistanceincaseswherePPEbecomesalessattractiveoption. RoddyCormackatWright,Johnston concept development; and technology developmentplanninginordertoinvestigateasolutionthatwouldencouragepositivebehaviours andallowfornonpunitivemonitoringandmitigationofproximitybreachesbetweenindividualsin theworkplace. Theprojectprogressedthroughthelandscapingphaseswiththeassessmentofexistingsolutionsand technologies,intotheconceptdevelopmentphasewhereanindepthassessmentofsuitablesensor technologies,theprosandconsofeachandhowtheywouldfunctionasaproximitysensorona constructionsite. SIGConsolidationReportv1Page6of10 2020HighlandDesignEngineeringLtdt/a4cEngineeringConfidential19/06/2020 Thetechnologydevelopmentstagewasopenedbyashortlistofthetopsensortechnologies,how theseoptionsdifferfromthecurrentsolutionsonthemarketandthenseekingadvicefromsensor expertsattheUniversityofStrathclyde.Atthisstage,areviewoftheiConProgrammewasconducted to explore opportunities for collaboration, and correspondence with the Construction Scotland InnovationCentre(CSIC)wasinitiated. 2 Landscaping Thelandscapingsectionencapsulatestheopeningoftheprojectwiththeprojectkickoff,technology specificationalongwithaconstructionindustryconsultationandareviewofexistingsolutionsand sensortechnologiesacrossanarrayofsectors.Theaimofthislandscapingwastofurtherunderstand theneedsoftheconstructionindustry,gatherbroadinformationaboutasmanysolutionsthatwere alreadyoutonthemarketorsoontobereleased,andtakeheedfromthisastohowtogeneratea uniqueproductthatwassuitablefortheconstructionindustry. 2.1 ProjectKickOff The project began with an introductory meeting between Roddy Cormack at WJM LLP and 4c Engineering to outline the structure and intentions of the project for all parties and allow for discussionaroundthetechnology,theworkingenvironmentandplanfortheindustryconsultation organisedbyRoddy.TheKickOffpresentation4containsvariouspointsforeachdeliverabletobe consideredduringthecorrespondingphaseoftheprojectaswellasaprovisionalprojectschedule. 2.2 ConstructionIndustryConsultationandTechnologyRequirements Theconstructionindustryconsultationwasconductedwiththeaimoffurthermarketresearchand gaininggreaterinsightintotheneedforsuchadeviceaswellaspotentialchallengesandrequirements fortheproximitysensor. Thegroupconsistedofaselectionofindustryrepresentativesfromvarioussizesoforganisationsin ordertoprovideawidescopeofviewsonhowaproximitysensorcouldbeusedonsiteandwhere potential pinch points might lie. Ten questions were created and put to all of the industry representatives. Notesofthediscussionguidedbythesequestionscanbefoundinref56.Theinformationgleaned fromtheroundtablewasinterpretedintotechnologyrequirements,furtherdevelopedinref7,and brieflysummarisedbelow: Deviceistobeusednonpunitively. Mustcollectinformationaboutwhoisonsite,ifthereisa2mproximitybreach,whocausedthe encroachmentandwhereonsiteitoccurredi.e.contacttracing. Devicemustbesmall,roughlyphoneorcomputermousesized. Helmetandwristattachmentswerepopularwearableoptions. Roughpricingexpectedtobearound100oronarentalbasis. SIGConsolidationReportv1Page7of10 2020HighlandDesignEngineeringLtdt/a4cEngineeringConfidential19/06/2020 2.3 ExistingSolutionsandSensorTechnology Anexistingsolutionspresentation8wascreatedasalivedocumenttorecordinformationabout currentsolutionsoutonthemarket.Theinformationincluded: Producttypee.g.governmentapporanindustrywristbandwearable. Wirelesssensingtechnologyinuse. Detectionrangeofthetechnology. Typesofdataextractedfromthedevice. Wherethedataisstored. Costofproduct. Productdrawbacksandfurthernotes. WhethertheproductcanContactTraceoralerttosocialdistancingbreach. Ingeneral,otherthanthecontacttracingapps,theexistingsolutionswereadaptedfromprevious solution such as Blackline Safetys G7 Safety Wearable 9 which is a tracking device worn by all employeesonaworksitewithgasdetectioncapabilitiesandSOSincidentbuttons.Thesedevices claimtoprovidesafetyfromCovid19transmissionincidents;however,there wasnt complete coverageineitherthecontacttracingareaortheproximitysensingandalertingarea. Therearedevicesduetobereleasedthatarepurposebuiltfordistancingmanagementandcontact tracingsuchasBumpbyTharsus10.Thissystemencompassesawearablelanyardwithsoftware and hardware infrastructure that can be set up around the workplace. The Bump uses radio frequencytechnology,likelyUltraWideband(UWB),todetecttheproximityoftwoindividuals.The deviceusessoundandvisualresponsestoalertthewearersofanyencroachments. Paralleltotheresearchofexistingsolutions,astudyintothevarioussensortechnologiesandhow theycouldbeappliedasproximitysensorswascarriedout.ASensorTechnologiesMatrix11was created. In Sheet 2. Sensor Descriptions, the aim is to outline the features of the sensors with relevancetotheirpotentialuseasaproximitysensingdeviceforaconstructionenvironment. Featuressuchasbatterylife,detectionrangeandthroughwalltransmissionhavebeenincludedas well as potential issues relating to usage on a construction site. This matrix helped to form an understandingofthecapabilitiesandconstraintsthatwouldbevitaltotheselectioncriteriaofthe shortlistingexerciseintheconceptdevelopmentstageoftheproject. 3 ConceptDevelopment Toassistincarryingoutthesensorprofilingforgeneratingashortlistofsensors,amindmapwas drawn out. The Requirements Mind Map 12 was conceived with 5 headings in mind; who?;what?;where?;how?;why?. Beneath these headings, the subtopics and further branches examineboththepositiveandnegativeimplicationsofdesignspecifications.Forexample,“whatdata doIneedtorecord?”andsubsequently“whocanseethedata?”,“whocannotseethedata?”.This selectionofquestionsaidedtheassessmentofeachofthesensorstechnologiesinordertonarrow themdowntoashortlist. FurthertothisascoringsystemwasappliedtothecriteriainSheet2.SensorDescriptionsofthe SensorTechnologyMatrix.Ascoreof1beingverygoodand3beingnotsuitable,thesetotalscores SIGConsolidationReportv1Page8of10 2020HighlandDesignEngineeringLtdt/a4cEngineeringConfidential19/06/2020 aremarkedinbracketsincolumnBSensorandarealsoillustratedusingabasictrafficlightcolour scheme,greenbeingverygood,redbeingnotsuitable. Theshortlistcomprisesof: UltraWideband(UWB) ActiveInfrared PassiveInfrared Ultrasonic Oncetheshortlistwasselected,amoreindepthinsightintoeachofthesensorswaspresentedin Sheet3.ShortlistedSensorsoftheSensorTechnologyMatrix.Thedetailsofwhichfellunder: HowWeWouldUseItasaSocialDistancingSensor Directionality MainPitfalls FurtherConsiderations AtthisstagethefavourablesensoroptionswereUWBandUltrasonics. UWBrequiresgoodsoftwareandhardwareinfrastructureinplaceonsiteandhasbeencommonin someofthecurrentsolutionsonthemarketorpendingforreleasetothemarket.Itisapopularchoice foritsvalueformoneyandsuperiorresistancetointerference. Ultrasonicalsoshowedpotentialasitssignalscanbecodedtoindividualisethem,similartoUWB signals,andithadnotbeenusedinanyoftheexistingsolutions.Therefore,anultrasonicsocial distancingsolutioncouldhavebeenclassedasnovel,addingfurthervaluetothedevice.Theideaof thebeltandbracesapproachremained,withtheoptiontocombineamoreactivesolutionwitha passivesensorsuchaspassiveinfraredfordetectinghotspotsinhighfootfallareasratherthan collectingdatafromindividuals.Inordertogainamoreimmediateperspectiveofthemostviable solutionsformtheshortlist,itwasdecidedthatfurtheradvicewouldbesoughtfromasensorexpert. 4 TechnologyDevelopmentandPlanning 4.1 ContactwithSensorExperts Contact was made with two of Strathclyde Universitys sensor experts from the department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. They commented that the work completed thus far was comprehensivebutstronglysuggestedthatradarshouldbeincludedwithinthescopeofreview. ThenotesfromthismeetingcanbefoundinSensorExpertConsultationNotes13.Radarisa favourable option in their opinion due to its ability to distinguish humans from other moving surroundings. This was an interesting input as, rather than a wearable device, the proximity monitoringwouldbemanagedfromanetworkofstaticnodesplacedstrategicallyaroundthesite. ThetwoStrathclyderepresentativeswerealsoscepticalofthesolutionscurrentlybeingreleasedto market,suggestingthatrealisticallyanovelinnovationprojectsuchasthiswouldrequire18months ofwork,withadevelopmentcostinthe1millionorderofmagnitude.Furthertothis,theyadvised SIGConsolidationReportv1Page9of10 2020HighlandDesignEngineeringLtdt/a4cEngineeringConfidential19/06/2020 thattechnologysuchasultrasonicorinfraredwouldnotbesuitableonaconstructionsite.Thiswas duetothelikelihoodofinterferencefromtheexternalenvironmentandmachineryendemicona constructionsite.However,theydidnotconveythatUWB,thecommonchoiceformanyofthecurrent solutions,wasanunfeasibleoption.TheysuggestedcontactingaparticularnovelSensorTechnology CompanywiththischallengeastheStrathclyderepresentativesbelievedthattheyhadaradarrelated productthatcouldhelptofacilitatethisresearchexercise. 4.2 NovelSensorTechnologyCompanyCorrespondence DuringcorrespondencewithasensortechnologycompanyattheendofMay,itwasstatedthattheir currentsystemdoesnotuseradar,however,theyarelookingintoaresearchprojectinvolvingthis technology.Thesmartsensorsystemisnotsuitablefortheconstructionenvironment,accordingto thecompanyrepresentative,andtheirmaintargetishighvalueofficesandhighvaluemanufacturing. Withfurthercorrespondence,theycouldnotdiscloseanymoreinformationontheresearchtheywere completing.However,aniConInnovationChallengeposton10thJune2020bythecompanyscoCEO, wouldsuggestthattheyplantointegratetheirproductintotheconstructionindustry. 4.3 InternetofThingsWebinarandiConPlatform TheInternetofThings(IoT)wouldbeanimportantaspectofthenetworkofproximitymonitoring devices.AttendanceatanInternetofThings(IoT)Webinaron3rdJune2020hostedbyPaulWinstanley fromCENSISandJohnMackenzieatHIEwasveryinformative.ThenotesofwhichcanbefoundinIoT WebinarNotes14.TheseincludenotesontheofferbySueKeeatBostonNetworksandIoTScotland providing usage oftheir LoRaWan Networkfreeof chargefor Covid19related project and the suggestionthattheyheldparticularinterestinproximitysensortypeprojects.Theywishtoestablish theirnetworkacrossawiderfield,sousingtheirsystemwouldhaveapositiveimpactontheir collectiveLoRaWannetwork.Aswellasnetworkpossibilities,JimCockramatCENSISwaspromoting theIoT2GosystemthatdemystifiesandeasilyenablestheuseofIoTinanergonomicformat.The IoT2Goplatformcombinesahubpointforallthesensorconnectionswithaneasytouseinterfacefor monitoringthecollecteddata.Thissystemisappealingasitcanbetrialledonarentalbasisfora periodandthentailoredtotherequirementsofthesystemitisintegratedwith.Theseopportunities wouldprovehelpfulduringfurtherdevelopmentofproximitysensortechnology. TheiConplatformwasusedtoaccessanetworkofopportunitiesforcollaborationaimedatthe constructionindustry.Fromareviewofthepostsontheplatform,asseeniniConInnovationPlatform Notes15,severalpotentialcollaborationopportunitieswerehighlighted.Theseincludedsensor expertise,prospectivedevelopmentpartnersandsiteinternetprovisionexpertise.RoddyCormack postedontheOpportunitiesforumonbehalfofWJMLLPand4cEngineeringwiththefollowing challengestatement: “CHALLENGE ProximitySensorProject Wehaveengagedwith4CEngineeringtopreparealandscapinganalysisofthecurrentrangeof proximitysensorproductsavailableonthemarketthatcouldbeusedtoassistwiththe SIGConsolidationReportv1Page10of10 2020HighlandDesignEngineeringLtdt/a4cEngineeringConfidential19/06/2020 maintenanceof2metredistancingbetweenpersonnelonconstructionsites.Wearewillingto sharethisinformationwithotherstakeholderswithaviewtoidentifyingtheextenttowhicha newtechnologicalsolutionmayberequiredtomeetthepracticalneedswithintheindustry.” Fromthispost,therewascorrespondencefromCSICwhosharedtheSafeOperatingPractices TechnologyRegisteridentifyingtechnologiesthatareavailabletohelpworksitesoperatesafely underCovid19restrictions.TheCSICrepresentativehighlightedtheConstructionIndustry CoronaVirus(CICV)Forumandthefactthat,otherthantheforumdiscussion,noanalysisofthe availabletechnologieshadbeencompleted.TheyadvisedthattheaimoftheiConplatformand theforumweretobringtogetherchallengeholdersandsolutionprovidersforaseriesofpanel discussions.Itwassuggestedthat4cEngineeringtakepartinthepaneldiscussionsasasolution provider,tocommunicatethefindingsoftheprojectandobserveandreviewthosepresented duringthepanelevents. 5 ConclusionandFeasibleSolution The necessity to provide an effective solution to the management of social distancing in the constructionsectorisparamountforthesafereturntoworkofthoseintheindustry.Fromthisstudy ithasbeenestablishedthatthesolutionmustbesmall,robustandnonpunitive.Thelikelymeansof sensingaproximitybreachwillbeusinganetworkofwearableUWBbeaconsorradarinfrastructure combinedwithdatacollectionofwho,whereandwhenabreachoccurredonsite.Asuitablesystem wouldalertemployeesofanencroachmentthroughvisual,hapticandaudioresponsesandthedata gatheredwouldbeusedinordertoreduceormitigaterepeatinstances. Currently,therearesomeviablesolutionsonthemarketorpendingentrytothemarket,themost promisingofwhichappearstobeBumpTMbyTharsusandEstimotesWorkplaceSafetyWearables. However,theyfacescepticismfromindustryexpertsatthespeedatwhichthesenovelsolutionshave beenbroughttocommercialisation,expectingthatinrealityitwouldtakeamuchlargerandlonger projecttocreateaproductofthecorrectlevelofsophistication.Trialrunsonconstructionsiteswill benecessarytofullysubstantiatetheirplaceonaworksiteformanagingsocialdistancing. Acknowledgements ManythankstoAlisonMuirhead(MorrisonConstructionScotland),BrianInnes(IBIJoinersLtd), DougalMurray(WGCScotlandLtd)andGraemeClark(CDMMUKLtd)fortheirinputduringtheQ could lead to tendency to blame the other guy 3. 3.If there was a sensor device to assist with such management, what would it need to do? 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